Protoporphyrin‐IX and Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Niosomes as Theranostic

Abstract

Purpose of this study is to develop a multifunctional theranostic agent for both imaging (MR and fluorescence) and combined therapy (photodynamic and radiotherapy). Initially, manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO NPs) were synthesized and conjugated with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) which will be then called as MnO‐DTPA NPs, and at the final step, synthesized MnO NPs were encapsulated with niosomes in the presence of protoporphyrin‐IX (PP(IX)). In vitro cell culture and bioaffinity studies were performed on PC‐3 and BJ cells. The structures (Niosome‐MnO‐DTPA‐PP(IX)) have fluorescence properties and photodynamic therapy potential due to the presence of PP(IX) as well as MR imaging and photodynamic and radiotherapy efficiency. According to data, it was claimed that toxicity of MnO NPs were significantly decreased after encapsulation of niosomes especially for BJ cell line. Therapy potential of the ‘Niosome‐MnO‐DTPA‐PP(IX)’ was examined and promising findings were obtained for the potential use of combined therapy agent for prostate cancer cells.

Synthesis and morphological studies of Tc‐99m‐labeled lupulone‐conjugated Fe3O4@TiO2 nanocomposite, and in vitro cytotoxicity activity on prostate cancer cell lines

“…Our results agree with previous data presented in the literature. [ 22,26 ] However, the size of nanocomposites in this study was larger than that in our previous studies in which Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 core nanoparticles were radiolabeled with 89 Zr, due to silication and conjugation with lupulones instead of 89 Zr. [ 8 ]…”

“…In this study, we also radiolabeled lupulone-modified Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 nanocomposites with 99m Tc, a well-known SPECT technetium radiopharmaceutical, by using DTPA, a well-known chelating agent, in order that the nanoparticles may gain multifunctional imaging potential. [26] Both TLRC and HPLC chromatograms were used to verify the 99m Tc radiolabeling efficiency of lupulonemodified Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 nanocomposites. TLRC of Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 with PBS and with pyridine-acetic acid-…”

“…HPLC was used to investigate drug loading and release from several kinds of nanocomposites. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] The percentage of lupulone E E and D L in lupulone-modified Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 nanocomposites were found to be 24.6% and 32.7%, respectively. There is no other report concerning the drug loading and release capacity for lupulones; however, the drug loading capacity of lupulones in this study was comparable with that reported for Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 nanocomposites.…”

“…In this study, we also radiolabeled lupulone‐modified Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 nanocomposites with 99m Tc, a well‐known SPECT technetium radiopharmaceutical, by using DTPA, a well‐known chelating agent, in order that the nanoparticles may gain multifunctional imaging potential. [ 26 ]…”

Manganese oxide nanoparticles inhibit selectively the in vitro and in vivo growth of human colorectal SW620 adenocarcinoma cells

“…Manganese oxide nanoparticles accumulate selectively in tumour cells that makes them applicable as MRI contrast agents and target drug delivery agents [23,34,35]. In addition, some advantages of manganese oxides in complex compositions were demonstrated for tumour treatment [36,37]. However, the principal characteristic of a potential drug is its low toxicity in respect of healthy cells.…”