Protoplast Culture of Hardwoods

Multiplication of Meristematic Tissue: A New Tissue Culture System for Radiata Pine

“…Cell cultures and protoplasts have traditionally been investigated for transferring genes into plants using bacterial, viral, and pollen vectors (8,18,21) (27). Recovery of transformed shoots has also been increased (28).…”

Plant Regeneration from Cultured Protoplasts of Higher Plants

“…within 24-40 h) (Evans and Bravo, 1983;Gamborg et al, 1981;Power et al, 1989). On the other hand, cereal protoplasts (Vasil, 1987; and mesophyll protoplasts of legumes ) may require up to four days for cell wall regeneration, whilst an even longer time (typically seven or more days) is needed for most of the woody plant protoplast systems (McCown and Russell, 1987;Ochatt etal, 1989a;Vardi and Galun, 1988).…”

“…Particular relevance should also be attached to the general amenability to in vitro tissue culture techniques of the genotype under investigation, as a clear direct relationship exists between this and their likely responsiveness at the protoplast culture level (Evans and Bravo, 1983;McCown and Russell, 1987).…”

“…Despite these efforts, legumes (Hammatt et al, 1987), cereals (Vasil, 1988) and woody species in general (McCown and Russell, 1987;Ochatt, 1990) are still difficult groups of plants to work with and, for these groups of plants, successful plant regeneration from protoplasts is still restricted to a limited number of genotypes and tissue sources.…”

“…It is interesting to note that, both for woody and herbaceous plant genotypes, young tissues have consistently proved to be the best sources of protoplasts. In this context, axenic shoot cultures are also valuable in providing juvenile phase tissues of woody species (McCown and Russell, 1987;Ochatt, 1990;Revilla et al, 1987).…”