Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in oncology: the fingerprints of cancer?

García‐Figueiras, Roberto; Baleato-González, Sandra; Padhani, Anwar R.; Oleaga, Laura; Vilanova, Joan C.; Luna, Antonio; Gómez, Juan Carlos Cobas

doi:10.5152/dir.2015.15009

Cited by 48 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…subcutaneous fat, scalp lipids) is required for confident metabolite observation and quantitation. The biological significance of the major compounds found in tissues, for example in brain spectra and tumours, is reviewed in References and . Other minority substances are hardly detected due to either extremely small or overlapping signals, although spectral editing may allow their observation and quantification …”

Section: Mrs Cancer Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer metabolism in a snapshot: MRS(I)

2019

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The contribution of MRS(I) to the in vivo evaluation of cancer-metabolism-derived metrics, mostly since 2016, is reviewed here. Increased carbon consumption by tumour cells, which are highly glycolytic, is now being sampled by 13 C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) following the injection of hyperpolarized [1-13 C] pyruvate (Pyr). Hot-spots of, mostly, increased lactate dehydrogenase activity or flow between Pyr and lactate (Lac) have been seen with cancer progression in prostate (preclinical and in humans), brain and pancreas (both preclinical) tumours. Therapy response is usually signalled by decreased Lac/Pyr 13 C-labelled ratio with respect to untreated or nonresponding tumour. For therapeutic agents inducing tumour hypoxia, the 13 C-labelled Lac/bicarbonate ratio may be a better metric than the Lac/Pyr ratio. 31 P MRSI may sample intracellular pH changes from brain tumours (acidification upon antiangiogenic treatment, basification at fast proliferation and relapse). The steady state tumour metabolome pattern is still in use for cancer evaluation. Metrics used for this range from quantification of single oncometabolites (such as 2-hydroxyglutarate in mutant IDH1 glial brain tumours) to selected metabolite ratios (such as total choline to N-acetylaspartate (plain ratio or CNI index)) or the whole 1 H MRSI(I) pattern through pattern recognition analysis. These approaches have been applied to address different questions such as tumour subtype definition, following/predicting the response to therapy or defining better resection or radiosurgery limits. KEYWORDSanimal model study, cancer, cellular and molecular cancer imaging, hyperpolarized C-13, MRS and MRSI methods, phosphorus MRS/MRSI | TEMPORAL AND THEMATIC BOUNDARIES OF THE TOPICS COVEREDThe authors of this review declare at the outset that there is no intention of being exhaustive or systematic. The temporal boundaries reviewed will be modest: only relevant literature since 2016, chosen according to our bias. Earlier work or reviews will only be referred to in order to put recent findings in due perspective. Authors hope that this summary will give readers a picture of how far cancer metabolism analysis with MRS(I) has advanced and, perhaps, why it is not advancing further.For quite a long time MRS, rather than MRI, has been the only approach able to evaluate cancer metabolism. Nevertheless, the MRI-derived information related to cancer metabolism should not be forgotten: consider for example the chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) effect caused by exchangeable protons in water-derived images of glucose uptake and metabolism in tumours. 1,2 However, apart from these CESTrelated studies, we should acknowledge that most information about cancer metabolism using MR still refers to MRS(I) acquisitions, which are the ones dealt with in our text.Supplementary Figure 1 shows a PUBMED search illustrating the different proportions of articles investigating several cancer types through MRS(I) approaches. The retrieved information can help unders...

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Section: Mrs Cancer Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer metabolism in a snapshot: MRS(I)

2019

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“…In DWI, advanced techniques such as intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), stretched exponential DWI, and DW kurtosis imaging (DKI) are being investigated and show promise to provide additional robust imaging biomarkers that can be incorporated in radiogenomic studies. 125 Other MRI techniques that can potentially provide imaging biomarkers for radiogenomic research include spectroscopy, proton, 126 phosphorus, 127 lipid, 128,129 sodium imaging, [130][131][132][133][134] chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging, 135,136 BOLD, [137][138][139] or arterial spin labeling MRI. [140][141][142] In this respect, radiogenomics is still in its infancy and data are still scarce.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Background, current role, and potential applications of radiogenomics

Pinker

Shitano

Sala

et al. 2017

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

149

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“…In practice, prostate adenocarcinoma can be differentiated from healthy adjacent tissue on the basis of the (Cho þ Cr)/citrate ratio. To illustrate, in normal surrounding tissues, (Cho þ Cr)/citrate ratio is less than 0.8, and in the cancerous tissues, the ratio is more that 0.8 ( Figure 16) [234][235][236][237].…”

Section: Prostate Mrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and its Clinical Applications: A Review

Faghihi

Zeinali-Rafsanjani

Mosleh-Shirazi

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences

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In vivo NMR spectroscopy is known as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). MRS has been applied as both a research and a clinical tool in order to detect visible or nonvisible abnormalities. The adaptability of MRS allows a technique that can probe a wide variety of metabolic uses across different tissues. Although MRS is mostly applied for brain tissue, it can be used for detection, localization, staging, tumour aggressiveness evaluation, and tumour response assessment of breast, prostate, hepatic, and other cancers. In this article, the medical applications of MRS in the brain, including tumours, neural and psychiatric disorder studies, breast, prostate, hepatic, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary investigations have been reviewed. R ESUM E La spectroscopie RMN in vivo est appel ee spectroscopie par r esonance magn etique (SRM) en clinique. La SRM a et e utilis ee autant comme outil de recherche que comme outil clinique pour la d etection des anomalies visibles ou non. L'adaptabilit e de la SRM en fait une technique qui peut examiner une grande vari et e d'utilisations m etaboliques dans diff erents tissus. Bien que la SRM soit principalement utilis ee pour les tissus c er ebraux, elle peutêtre utilis ee pour la d etection, la localisation, la d etermination du stade, l' evaluation du caract ere agressif d'une tumeur et l' evaluation de la r eponse tumorale dans le cancer du sein, de la prostate, du foie et d'autres organes. Cette etude, apr es un bref examen des fondements de la SRM, passe en revue les applications m edicales de la SRM dans le cerveau, incluant les tumeurs, les applications m edicales de la SRM, incluant les cancers et l' etude des troubles neurologiques et psychiatriques, ainsi que les examens du sein, de la prostate, du foie et des syst emes gastro-intestinal et g enito-urinaire.

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Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in oncology: the fingerprints of cancer?

Cited by 48 publications

References 76 publications

Cancer metabolism in a snapshot: MRS(I)

Cancer metabolism in a snapshot: MRS(I)

Background, current role, and potential applications of radiogenomics

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and its Clinical Applications: A Review

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