Proton dose calculation based on converting dual-energy CT data to stopping power ratio (DEEDZ-SPR): a beam-hardening assessment

Tanaka, Sodai; Noto, Yoshiyuki; Utsunomiya, Satoru; Yoshimura, Takaaki; Matsuura, Tetsuya; Saito, Masatoshi

doi:10.1088/1361-6560/abae09

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…We evaluated the practical feasibility of the proposed DEEDZ‐MD method on experimental DECT data acquired in a phantom study by Tanaka et al 7 Figure 6 shows the ρ images generated from the DEEDZ‐MD and ED‐MD methods for the Gammex 467 phantom. For reference, the original CT images of u L and u H are also shown.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Corresponding CT images of (c) u L (90 kV) and (d) u H (150 kV/Sn). The experimental DECT data used were acquired by Tanaka et al 7 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To assess its practical feasibility, we applied the DEEDZ‐MD method to the experimental DECT data acquired in a phantom study by Tanaka et al 7 They acquired DECT data from the Gammex 467 phantom using a dual‐source CT scanner (Somatom Force, Siemens Healthcare, Forchheim, Germany) operated in the DE mode at tube voltages of 90 kV and 150 kV/Sn with tin filtration. They also performed single‐energy (SE) CT using the same scanner at 120 kV.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the practical feasibility of the method is demonstrated by applying the proposed method to experimental DECT data from a previous study. 7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proposed DEEDZ‐MD method is validated numerically using reference human tissues with known mass densities and elemental compositions. In addition, the practical feasibility of the method is demonstrated by applying the proposed method to experimental DECT data from a previous study 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quadratic relation for mass density calibration in human body using dual‐energy CT data

Saito

2021

Medical Physics

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Purpose To derive the mass density (ρ) from dual‐energy computed tomography (DECT) data by calibrating electron density (ρe) and effective atomic numbers (Zeff) of human tissues. Methods We propose the DEEDZ‐MD method, in which a single polynomial parameterization covers the entire human‐tissue range to establish an empirical quadratic relation between the atomic number‐to‐mass ratio and Zeff. Then, we numerically evaluate the DEEDZ‐MD method in reference human tissues listed in the ICRP Publication 110 and ICRU Report 46. The tissues are considered to have unknown ρ values. The attenuation coefficients of these tissues are calculated using the XCOM Photon Cross Sections Database. The DEEDZ‐MD method is also applied to experimental DECT data acquired from a tissue characterization phantom and an anthropomorphic phantom at 90 kV and 150 kV/Sn. Results The numerical analysis of the DEEDZ‐MD method reveals a single quadratic relation between the atomic number‐to‐mass ratio and Zeff in a wide range of human tissues. The simulated ρ values are in excellent agreement with the reference values over ρ values from 0.260 (lung) to 3.225 (hydroxyapatite). The relative deviations from the reference ρ remain within ±0.6% for all the reference human tissues, except for the eye lens (approximate deviation of −1.0%). The overall root‐mean‐square error is 0.24%. The application of the DEEDZ‐MD method to experimental dual‐energy CT data confirms this agreement within experimental accuracy, indicating the practical feasibility of the method. The DEEDZ‐MD method enables the generation of ρ images with less image noise than the existing DECT‐based conversion of ρ from ρe and with fewer beam‐hardening artifacts than conventional single‐energy CT images. Conclusions The DEEDZ‐MD method can facilitate the generation of ρ images from dual‐energy CT data without relying on the nontrivial segmentation of different tissues.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Corresponding CT images of (c) u L (90 kV) and (d) u H (150 kV/Sn). The experimental DECT data used were acquired by Tanaka et al 7 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the practical feasibility of the method is demonstrated by applying the proposed method to experimental DECT data from a previous study. 7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quadratic relation for mass density calibration in human body using dual‐energy CT data

Saito

2021

Medical Physics

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Dosimetric impact of stopping power for human bone porosity with dual-energy computed tomography in scanned carbon-ion therapy treatment planning

Yagi,

Wakisaka,

Takeno

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Few reports have documented how the accuracy of stopping power ratio (SPR) prediction for porous bone tissue affects the dose distribution of scanned carbon-ion beam therapy. The estimated SPR based on single-energy computed tomography (SECT) and dual-energy CT (DECT) were compared for the femur of a Rando phantom which simulates the porosity of human bone, NEOBONE which is the hydroxyapatite synthetic bone substitute, and soft tissue samples. Dose differences between SECT and DECT were evaluated for a scanned carbon-ion therapy treatment plan for the Rando phantom. The difference in the water equivalent length was measured to extract the SPR of the examined samples. The differences for SPR estimated from the DECT-SPR conversion were small with − 1.8% and − 3.3% for the Rando phantom femur and NEOBONE, respectively, whereas the differences for SECT-SPR were between 7.6 and 70.7%, illustrating a 1.5-mm shift of the range and a dose difference of 13.3% at maximum point in the evaluation of the dose distribution. This study demonstrated that the DECT-SPR conversion method better estimated the SPR of the porosity of bone tissues than SECT-SPR followed by the accurate range of the carbon-ion beams on carbon-ion dose calculations.

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Dual- and multi-energy CT for particle stopping-power estimation: current state, challenges and potential

et al. 2023

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Range uncertainty has been a key factor preventing particle radiotherapy from reaching its full physical potential. One of the main contributing sources is the uncertainty in estimating particle stopping power (ρs) within patients. Currently, the ρs distribution in a patient is derived from a single- energy CT (SECT) scan acquired for treatment planning by converting CT number (μHU) of each voxel to ρs using a Hounsfield look-up table (HLUT), also known as the CT calibration curve. μHU and ρs share a linear relationship with electron density but fundamentally differ in additional physical properties, such as photon attenuation cross section or effective atomic number and stopping number or mean excitation energy, respectively. Due to this degeneracy, the HLUT approach is particularly sensitive to differences in elemental composition between real human tissues and tissue surrogates as well as tissue variations within and among individual patients. The use of dual-energy CT (DECT) for ρs prediction has been shown to be effective in reducing the uncertainty in ρs estimation compared to SECT. The acquisition of CT data over different x-ray spectra yields additional information on the material elemental composition. Recently, multi-energy CT (MECT) has been explored to deduct material-specific information with higher dimensionality, which has the potential to further improve the accuracy of ρs estimation. Even though various DECT and MECT methods have been proposed and evaluated over the years, these approaches are still only scarcely implemented in routine clinical practice. In this topical review, we aim at accelerating this translation process by providing: 1) a comprehensive review of the existing DECT/MECT methods for ρs estimation with their respective strengths and weaknesses; 2) a general review of uncertainties associated with DECT/MECT methods; 3) a general review of different aspects related to clinical implementation of DECT/MECT methods; 4) other potential advanced DECT/MECT applications beyond ρs estimation.

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Proton dose calculation based on converting dual-energy CT data to stopping power ratio (DEEDZ-SPR): a beam-hardening assessment

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Quadratic relation for mass density calibration in human body using dual‐energy CT data

Quadratic relation for mass density calibration in human body using dual‐energy CT data

Dosimetric impact of stopping power for human bone porosity with dual-energy computed tomography in scanned carbon-ion therapy treatment planning

Dual- and multi-energy CT for particle stopping-power estimation: current state, challenges and potential

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