Proton-Coupled Electron Transfers of Defense Phytochemicals in Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench)

Uchimiya, Minori

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07816

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…There is still a lack of mechanistic understanding in the anti-obesity activity of sorghum phenolic compounds and its components. In addition, the level of phenolic compound content is affected by several factors including the sorghum genotype, environmental stress, and extraction methods [ 15 ]. While such findings are of great value to human health, they lack information regarding the mechanism of function and fail to identify a sorghum genotype(s) with a high amount of relevant bioactive compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Adipogenic Activity of High-Phenolic Sorghum Brans in Pre-Adipocytes

et al. 2022

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Obesity is one of the leading public health problems that can result in life-threatening metabolic and chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is the fifth most important cereal crop in the world and certain genotypes of sorghum have high polyphenol content. PI570481, SC84, and commercially available sumac sorghum are high-polyphenol genotypes that have demonstrated strong anti-cancer activities in previous studies. The objective of this study was to explore a potential anti-obesity use of extracts from sorghum bran in the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and to investigate cellular and molecular responses in differentiated adipocytes to elucidate related mechanisms. None of the four different sorghum bran extracts (PI570481, SC84, Sumac, and white sorghum as a low-polyphenol control) caused cytotoxicity in undifferentiated and differentiated 3T3-L1 cells at doses used in this study. Sorghum bran extracts (PI570481, SC84, and Sumac) reduced intracellular lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenic and lipogenic proteins in a dose-dependent manner in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. The same polyphenol containing sorghum bran extracts also repressed production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MAPK signaling pathways and repressed insulin signaling and glucose uptake in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. These data propose a potential use of high-phenolic sorghum bran for the prevention of obesity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Adipogenic Activity of High-Phenolic Sorghum Brans in Pre-Adipocytes

et al. 2022

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“…Some sorghum accessions have a higher total phenolic content and more antioxidant compounds than those in other food sources [ 15 , 16 ]. However, the level of phenolic compounds is affected by several factors, including the sorghum genotype, environmental stress, and processing and extraction methods [ 17 ]. While such findings are of great value to the American public and to the sorghum community, there remains a lack of information regarding mechanisms and a failure to identify a sorghum genotype(s) with a high amount of relevant bioactive compounds for cultivation in the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol Containing Sorghum Brans Exhibit an Anti-Cancer Effect in Apc Min/+ Mice Treated with Dextran Sodium Sulfate

Lee

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Colon cancer (CC) is considered a high-risk cancer in developed countries. Its etiology is correlated with a high consumption of red meat and low consumption of plant-based foods, including whole grains. Sorghum bran is rich in polyphenols. This study aimed to determine whether different high-phenolic sorghum brans suppress tumor formation in a genetic CC rodent model and elucidate mechanisms. Tissue culture experiments used colorectal cancer cell lines SW480, HCT-116 and Caco-2 and measured protein expression, and protein activity. The animal model used in this study was APC Min+/mouse model combined with dextram sodium sulfate. High phenolic sorghum bran extract treatment resulted in the inhibition of proliferation and induced apoptosis in CC cell lines. Treatment with high phenolic sorghum bran extracts repressed TNF-α-stimulated NF-κB transactivation and IGF-1-stimulated PI3K/AKT pathway via the downregulation of β-catenin transactivation. Furthermore, high-phenolic sorghum bran extracts activated AMPK and autophagy. Feeding with high-phenolic sorghum bran for 6 weeks significantly suppressed tumor formation in an APC Min/+ dextran sodium sulfate promoted CC mouse model. Our data demonstrates the potential application of high-phenolic sorghum bran as a functional food for the prevention of CC.

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“…For example, the herbicidal activity of sorgoleone has been attributed to the inhibition of photosynthesis and ATP turnover. 13,14 Iris plants are rich sources of bioactive secondary metabolites (more than 100 flavonoids, xanthones, and iridals). 15−17 antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, some Myrsinaceae and Iridaceae plants produce unusual alkylbenzoquinones. − Although the detailed modes of action of such alkylbenzoquinones have been scarcely reported, several studies have indicated that these activities may be related to the redox properties of quinones with biological electron transport systems. For example, the herbicidal activity of sorgoleone has been attributed to the inhibition of photosynthesis and ATP turnover. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic Responses of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) to Allelopathic Benzoquinones from Iris sanguinea Seeds

Lee

Song

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Weed management is important in modern crop protection. Chemical weed control using synthetic herbicides, however, suffers from resistance and ecotoxicity. Metabolomic investigation of allelopathy (or allelochemicals) may provide novel alternatives to synthetic herbicides. This study aimed to investigate the detailed metabolomic responses of plants to allelochemicals in Iris seed extracts. The seed extracts of Iris sanguinea showed the strongest growth inhibitory activity against alfalfa, barnyard grass, lettuce, and mustard. 3-Hydroxyirisquinone (3-[10(Z)-heptadecenyl]-2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone) was isolated as a major allelochemical from I. sanguinea seeds through bioassay-guided fractionation. The compound inhibited the growth of shoots and roots by browning root tips. Discriminant analysis identified 33 differentially regulated lettuce metabolites after treatment with 3-hydroxyirisquinone (3HIQ). Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that several metabolic pathways, including aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and respiratory pathways, were affected by the compounds. Differential responses of membrane lipids (accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids) and extensive formation of reactive oxygen species were observed in root tissues following treatment with 3HIQ. Overall, alkylbenzoquinone from I. sanguinea induced extensive metabolic modulation, oxidative stress, and growth inhibition. The metabolomic responses to allelochemicals may provide fundamental information for the development of allelochemical-based herbicides.

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Proton-Coupled Electron Transfers of Defense Phytochemicals in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

Cited by 12 publications

References 54 publications

Anti-Adipogenic Activity of High-Phenolic Sorghum Brans in Pre-Adipocytes

Anti-Adipogenic Activity of High-Phenolic Sorghum Brans in Pre-Adipocytes

Polyphenol Containing Sorghum Brans Exhibit an Anti-Cancer Effect in Apc Min/+ Mice Treated with Dextran Sodium Sulfate

Metabolomic Responses of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) to Allelopathic Benzoquinones from Iris sanguinea Seeds

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