Proteomics of contrasting rice genotypes: Identification of potential targets for raising crops for saline environment

Abstract

High salinity is one of the major problems in crop productivity, affecting seed germination as well as yield. In order to enhance tolerance of crops towards salinity, it is essential to understand the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms. In this endeavor, study of contrasting genotypes of the same species differing in their response towards salinity stress can be very useful. In the present study, we have investigated temporal differences in morphological, physiological and proteome profiles of two contrasting genotypes of rice to understand the basis of salt tolerance. When compared to IR64 rice, Pokkali, the salt-tolerant wild genotype, has enhanced capacity to cope with stress, better growth rate and possesses efficient antioxidant system, as well as better photosynthetic machinery. Our proteome studies revealed a higher and an early abundance of proteins involved in stress tolerance and photosynthesis in Pokkali in comparison with IR64, which, in contrast, showed greater changes in metabolic machinery even during early duration of stress. Our findings suggest important differences in physicochemical and proteome profiles of the two genotypes, which may be the basis of observed stress tolerance in the salt-tolerant Pokkali.

Rice intermediate filament, OsIF, stabilizes photosynthetic machinery and yield under salinity and heat stress

“…1A–F ). Several other investigators 5 , 17 – 19 have also shown higher abundance of stress related transcript and proteins in tolerant genotypes than in sensitive genotypes under non-stress conditions, thereby suggesting pre-preparedness of tolerant genotypes to deal with stress. Further, several researchers 20 have suggested interaction of IF proteins with heat shock proteins (HSPs), indicating their possible role in high temperature tolerance; in this connection, we have also reported a drastic increase in transcript abundance of OsIF under heat stress (Fig.…”

“…Seeds of IR64 and Pokkali, two well-known rice genotypes with contrasting salt sensitivity 48 , were surface sterilized and germinated in a hydroponic system in half strength Yoshida medium 49 , in a growth chamber at 28 ± 2 °C temperature, 70% relative humidity and 12 h light/12 h dark cycle 19 . Seven-day old seedlings were treated either with different stressors such as, 200 mM NaCl, 500 mM mannitol, 1 μM methyl viologen, 100 μM ABA (abscisic acid), 10 μM CdCl 2 by adding them to the half strength Yoshida medium.…”

Climate resilient crops for improving global food security and safety

“…Although the use of brackish and saline water could help alleviate the world's water problems, this option is only possible with the development of salt‐tolerant crops (Figure ) or management practices that alleviate salt stress. A number of manuscripts in this volume (Herzog et al, ; Joshi et al, ; Lakra, Kaur, Anwar, Pareek, & Pareek, ; Oyiga et al, ; Patishtan, Hartley, Fonseca de Carvalho, & Maathuis, ) describe how plants tolerate high levels of salt. Soil phytoremediation and tolerance to heavy metals are also highlighted (Fasani, Manara, Martini, Furini, & DalCorso, ).…”

Stepping forward and taking reverse as we move ahead in genetics

“…Thus, to ensure a sustainable food security, there is an urgent need to increase the crop productivity. Detailed characterization of complex plant genomes and exploitation of their genetic diversity is necessary to meet these challenges (Lakra et al 2018). Genetic improvement through conventional breeding has played a crucial role in optimization of crop production and performance optimization during past several decades.…”