Proteomic Study of Low-Temperature Responses in Strawberry Cultivars (Fragaria×ananassa) That Differ in Cold Tolerance    

Abstract

To gain insight into the molecular basis contributing to overwintering hardiness, a comprehensive proteomic analysis comparing crowns of octoploid strawberry (Fragaria 3 ananassa) cultivars that differ in freezing tolerance was conducted. Four cultivars were examined for freeze tolerance and the most cold-tolerant cultivar ('Jonsok') and least-tolerant cultivar ('Frida') were compared with a goal to reveal how freezing tolerance is achieved in this distinctive overwintering structure and to identify potential cold-tolerance-associated biomarkers. Supported by univariate and multivariate analysis, a total of 63 spots from twodimensional electrophoresis analysis and 135 proteins from label-free quantitative proteomics were identified as significantly differentially expressed in crown tissue from the two strawberry cultivars exposed to 0-, 2-, and 42-d cold treatment. Proteins identified as cold-tolerance-associated included molecular chaperones, antioxidants/detoxifying enzymes, metabolic enzymes, pathogenesis-related proteins, and flavonoid pathway proteins. A number of proteins were newly identified as associated with cold tolerance. Distinctive mechanisms for cold tolerance were characterized for two cultivars. In particular, the 'Frida' cold response emphasized proteins specific to flavonoid biosynthesis, while the more freezing-tolerant 'Jonsok' had a more comprehensive suite of known stress-responsive proteins including those involved in antioxidation, detoxification, and disease resistance. The molecular basis for 'Jonsok'-enhanced cold tolerance can be explained by the constitutive level of a number of proteins that provide a physiological stress-tolerant poise. Strawberry (Fragaria 3 ananassa) cultivation predominates in regions with mild winters. In colder climates, overwintering hardiness is an essential trait for strawberry cultivation. Freezing injury of strawberry plants is one of the greatest factors in reducing crop yield and quality in temperate regions. Winter damage in Norway, for example, on average causes losses of 20%. Thus, production of cultivars with improved freezing hardiness is one of Norway's major objectives for their strawberry breeding programs. Improvement of cold hardiness is desirable for securing economic sustainability of the existing crops, and for expanding the growing regions of temperate fruit crops. Because strawberry is a representative species for the Rosaceae crops (e

Cold acclimation efficiency of different Prunus and Fragaria species and cultivars in vitro

“…Changes in the expression of hundreds of genes, total reconfiguration of metabolite profiles and accumulation of specific compounds during cold acclimation have been demonstrated in different plants (Kaplan et al, 2007;Rohloff et al, 2012). It was revealed that alcohol dehydrogenase, dehydrins, and galactinol show great potential to serve as biomarkers for cold tolerance of different Rosacea plants (Baniulis et al, 2012;Koehler et al, 2012;Davik et al, 2013). The data of our study corresponded well with the results obtained by other researchers.…”

“…Improvement of cold tolerance is desirable for securing economic sustainability of the existing crops, and for expanding the growing regions of temperate fruit crops. Because strawberry and apple are representative species of the Rosaceae, the knowledge of genes involved in cold tolerance may be transferrable to the improvement of many of related crops, such as peaches, sweet and sour cherry, as well as blackberries and raspberries (Koehler et al, 2012). Additionally, the knowledge of properties of different Rosacea genotypes for CA and cold tolerance is important for securely maintaining Rosacea collections using cryopreservation and long-or midterm preservation in vitro.…”

Flowering physiology and cold resistance ofPotentilla palustris(L.) Scop., a wild relative of the strawberry

“…Comparison of cold hardiness of plants acclimatized under less efficient controlled environment conditions gave LT50 values of approximately -11°C for the 'Alta' wood strawberry, while plants of the 'Grytøy' population of marsh cinquefoil survived and flowered 100% at -15°C (Table 6). A similar LT50 value of -12.0°C was also reported by Davik et al (2013) for the hardiest wood strawberry populations when acclimatised under the same controlled conditions, whereas LT50 values ranging from -8.3°C to -5.5°C were found for hardy and less hardy cultivars of F. x ananassa acclimatized and tested under the same conditions (Koehler et al, 2012). It is thus clear that the tested populations of P. palustris have superior cold resistance compared with wild and cultivated strawberries.…”

“…vesca L.) have been studied and reviewed extensively (e.g. Guttridge, 1985;Heide and Sønsteby, 2007;Sønsteby and Heide, 2011;Koehler et al, 2012;Davik et al, 2013;Heide et al, 2013). Information from these studies provided the background for comparative studies with the closely related marsh cinquefoil (P. palustris (L.) Sop.).…”

Proximal Tubules Have the Capacity to Regulate Uptake of Albumin

“…56 For mass spectrometry, protein spots showing significant changes with protein overload were manually excised and analyzed as previously described. 56,58 The acquired mass spectral data were searched against the International Protein Index rat database using SEQUEST, validated using PeptideProphet and ProteinProphet in the TransProteomic Pipeline 59,60 and only those proteins with greater than 90% confidence were considered identifications. Protein functions were derived from either the EntrezGene or UnitProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries provided at GeneCards.…”