“…Several promoters for genes encoding proteins functioning towards plant defense responses, such as that of PR-1, are known to respond to chemical activators of defense (Padidam, 2003). Using bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as an inducer of SAR (Coventry and Dubery, 2001), we have shown that both transcriptomics (Sanabria and Dubery, 2006;Madala et al, 2012a) and proteomics (Piater et al, 2004;Gerber et al, 2006Gerber et al, , 2008 contribute to a comprehensive understanding of activation of plant defense responses. Recently, however, it was also demonstrated that metabolomics, a science of systems biology, can be used in this regard (Beets et al, 2012;Tugizimana et al, 2012;James et al, 2013).…”