Proteomic Approaches to Study Cysteine Oxidation: Applications in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Pham, Trong Khoa; Buczek, Weronika A.; Mead, Richard; Shaw, Pamela J.; Collins, Mark O.

doi:10.3389/fnmol.2021.678837

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(148 reference statements)

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“…Redox‐associated PTMs are a part of normal cell signaling and can regulate the activity of a wide variety of proteins involved in energy metabolism, protein folding and degradation, and gene transcription. Imbalances in redox homeostasis are associated with aging 1372 and various diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, 1373 CVDs, 1374 and cancers (Figure 24 ). 1334 …”

Section: Redox Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein posttranslational modifications in health and diseases: Functions, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic implications

Zhong

Xiao

Xie

et al. 2023

MedComm

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Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) refer to the breaking or generation of covalent bonds on the backbones or amino acid side chains of proteins and expand the diversity of proteins, which provides the basis for the emergence of organismal complexity. To date, more than 650 types of protein modifications, such as the most well‐known phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, methylation, SUMOylation, short‐chain and long‐chain acylation modifications, redox modifications, and irreversible modifications, have been described, and the inventory is still increasing. By changing the protein conformation, localization, activity, stability, charges, and interactions with other biomolecules, PTMs ultimately alter the phenotypes and biological processes of cells. The homeostasis of protein modifications is important to human health. Abnormal PTMs may cause changes in protein properties and loss of protein functions, which are closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. In this review, we systematically introduce the characteristics, regulatory mechanisms, and functions of various PTMs in health and diseases. In addition, the therapeutic prospects in various diseases by targeting PTMs and associated regulatory enzymes are also summarized. This work will deepen the understanding of protein modifications in health and diseases and promote the discovery of diagnostic and prognostic markers and drug targets for diseases.

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Section: Redox Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein posttranslational modifications in health and diseases: Functions, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic implications

Zhong

Xiao

Xie

et al. 2023

MedComm

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“…They help to improve the understanding of Cys oxidation and its role in oxidative stress and redox signaling. [35]…”

Section: Azide Probementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such BPs therefore provide a facile way to profile S‐sulfinylated proteins and to study their regulatory mechanisms with regard to physiological and pathological events. They help to improve the understanding of Cys oxidation and its role in oxidative stress and redox signaling [35] …”

Section: Nptms Of Cysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, when applying BPs to proteomic analysis, some shortcomings of mass spectrometry analysis should be overcome, such as the low ionization efficiency of nPTMs samples and the large volume of resulting data that need to be analyzed and curated. [35,48] When focusing on protein-specific nPTMs studies, it is usually necessary to combine other biochemical or genetic techniques such as antibody targeting and regulation of protein expression, due to the whole protein labeling feature of BPs. Further mechanistic studies may also require tools to regulate biological pathways.…”

Section: Considerations and Looking Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioorthogonal Probes for Analyzing Non‐Enzymatic Post‐Translational Modifications

Shao

Zhu

2023

ChemBioChem

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Non‐enzymatic post‐translational modifications (nPTMs) have been proposed as indicators of cellular stresses and diseases. Unfortunately, direct assessment of nPTMs in native environment is extremely challenging due to the heterogeneity of adducts and the lack of tagging tools. Given these challenges, bioorthogonal probes (BPs) have been developed for the analysis of nPTMs. The rationality is that BPs could selectively install azides or alkynes into nPTMs as a biorthogonal handle for the following enrichment or tracking. Herein, we review the state‐of‐art of BPs used for nPTMs studies, clarify their working principles, and highlight how they advance our understanding of the biological functions of nPTMs.

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“…Cysteine plays an important role in protein/peptide synthesis, detoxification, cell metabolism, etc., and lack of cysteine may lead to hair depigmentation, liver damage, skin diseases, and cancer [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. On the other hand, elevated cysteine levels can cause neurotoxic disorders [ 20 , 21 ]. Subsequently, homocysteine plays a role quite similar to cysteine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Carbon Dot-Based Fluorescent Detection of Biothiols

Shellaiah

Sun

2023

Biosensors

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Biothiols, such as cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy), and glutathione (GSH), play a vital role in gene expression, maintaining redox homeostasis, reducing damages caused by free radicals/toxins, etc. Likewise, abnormal levels of biothiols can lead to severe diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), neurotoxicity, hair depigmentation, liver/skin damage, etc. To quantify the biothiols in a biological system, numerous low-toxic probes, such as fluorescent quantum dots, emissive organic probes, composited nanomaterials, etc., have been reported with real-time applications. Among these fluorescent probes, carbon-dots (CDs) have become attractive for biothiols quantification because of advantages of easy synthesis, nano-size, crystalline properties, low-toxicity, and real-time applicability. A CDs-based biothiols assay can be achieved by fluorescent “Turn-On” and “Turn-Off” responses via direct binding, metal complex-mediated detection, composite enhanced interaction, reaction-based reports, and so forth. To date, the availability of a review focused on fluorescent CDs-based biothiols detection with information on recent trends, mechanistic aspects, linear ranges, LODs, and real applications is lacking, which allows us to deliver this comprehensive review. This review delivers valuable information on reported carbon-dots-based biothiols assays, the underlying mechanism, their applications, probe/CDs selection, sensory requirement, merits, limitations, and future scopes.

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Proteomic Approaches to Study Cysteine Oxidation: Applications in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Cited by 14 publications

References 98 publications

Protein posttranslational modifications in health and diseases: Functions, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic implications

Protein posttranslational modifications in health and diseases: Functions, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic implications

Bioorthogonal Probes for Analyzing Non‐Enzymatic Post‐Translational Modifications

Review on Carbon Dot-Based Fluorescent Detection of Biothiols

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