Proteomic analysis of urine in rats chronically exposed to fluoride

Abstract

Urine is an ideal source of materials to search for potential disease-related biomarkers as it is produced by the affected tissues and can be easily obtained by noninvasive methods. 2-DE-based proteomic approach was used to better understand the molecular mechanisms of injury induced by fluoride (F(-)) and define potential biomarkers of dental fluorosis. Three groups of weanling male Wistar rats were treated with drinking water containing 0 (control), 5, or 50 ppm F(-) for 60 days (n = 15/group). During the experimental period, the animals were kept individually in metabolic cages, to analyze the water and food consumption, as well as fecal and urinary F(-) excretion. Urinary proteome profiles were examined using 2-DE and Colloidal Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining. A dose-response regarding F(-) intake and excretion was detected. Quantitative intensity analysis revealed 8, 11, and 8 significantly altered proteins between control vs. 5 ppm F(-), control vs. 50 ppm F(-) and 5 ppm F(-) vs. 50 ppm F(-) groups, respectively. Two proteins regulated by androgens (androgen-regulated 20-KDa protein and α-2μ-globulin) and one related to detoxification (aflatoxin-B1-aldehyde-reductase) were identified by MALDI-TOF-TOF MS/MS. Thus, proteomic analysis can help to better understand the mechanisms underlying F(-) toxicity, even in low doses.

Proteomic Analysis of Gastrocnemius Muscle in Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes and Chronically Exposed to Fluoride

“…Previous studies have treated the animals with F for 6 weeks [4], [28]–[30]; however, a pilot study revealed high levels of mortality prior to completion of the experimental period. Therefore, an experimental time of 22 days was selected.…”

“…Fluoride (F) is a therapeutic agent that protects against dental caries [4]; therefore, it is added to public drinking water and dental products [5], [6]. However, studies in humans have shown that ingesting F in excessive doses can lead to glucose intolerance.…”

Fluoride Affects Dopamine Metabolism and Causes Changes in the Expression of Dopamine Receptors (D1R and D2R) in Chosen Brain Structures of Morphine-Dependent Rats

“…A series of behavioural, neurochemical, and molecular experiments and microscopic observations was performed to assess the changes in the intensity of naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal signs in rats and to explore the changes within the dopaminergic system-the most important neurotransmitter in the CNS involved in addiction. To assess the effects of pre-and postnatal exposure to fluoride in rats, the animal model described by Kobayashi et al (2011) and Morales-González et al (2010) was chosen [13,14]. Accordingly, the animals were watered with fluoride solution at concentration of 50 ppm from conception to 60 PND.…”

“…Females from the experimental group (n = 3) received 50 ppm sodium fluoride solution (NaF) in drinking water ad libitum, starting from the first day of gestation. Fluoride dose was adjusted to represent its concentration in rat's blood similar to that observed in the serum of people environmentally exposed to fluoride compounds [13,14]. The solution of NaF was prepared daily.…”

Efeito dose-resposta do fluoreto em parâmetros relacionados à resistência à insulina e na expressão de proteínas hepáticas e musculares em camundongos NOD

“…Além disso, diversos trabalhos sugerem que o F pode interferir em muitas vias metabólicas, inibindo a ação de diversas enzimas e ainda atuando sobre a via glicolítica (DE LA SOTA et al, 1997;WHITFORD, 1996). Estudos realizados com animais experimentais, em laboratório, demonstraram que a ingestão aguda ou crônica de F pode alterar a expressão proteica em tecidos ósseo, hepático, renal, intestinal e dentário, bem como na urina de ratos ou camundongos (LEITE, 2010;KOBAYASHI et al, 2009;KOBAYASHI et al, 2011;KOBAYASHI, 2012;CARVALHO et al, 2013;PEREIRA et al, 2013;CHARONE et al, 2016;MELO et al, 2017;DIONIZIO et al, 2018 (VIÑALS et al, 1993;OTSUKI et al, 2005;ELLIOT et al, 2002;GOH et al, 2003;GUTIÉRREZ-SALINAS et al, 2010).…”