Proteome Profiling Identifies Serum Biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) causes serious disability and productivity loss, and there is an urgent need for appropriate biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment assessment, and prognosis evaluation. To identify serum markers of RA, we performed mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics, and we obtained 24 important markers in normal and RA patient samples using a random forest machine learning model and 11 protein–protein interaction (PPI) network topological analysis methods. Markers were reanalyzed using additional proteomics datasets, immune infiltration status, tissue specificity, subcellular localization, correlation analysis with disease activity-based diagnostic indications, and diagnostic receiver-operating characteristic analysis. We discovered that ORM1 in serum is significantly differentially expressed in normal and RA patient samples, which is positively correlated with disease activity, and is closely related to CD56dim natural killer cell, effector memory CD8+T cell, and natural killer cell in the pathological mechanism, which can be better utilized for future research on RA. This study supplies a comprehensive strategy for discovering potential serum biomarkers of RA and provides a different perspective for comprehending the pathological mechanism of RA, identifying potential therapeutic targets, and disease management.

Serum Biomarkers of Vascular Involvement in Childhood Uveitis

“…Proteomics is a powerful screening tool for serum biomarkers in various diseases which may aid in our understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of a disease through identification of disease-associated protein profiles. 22 – 24 Disease biomarkers may serve as agents for diagnostics or directly serve as targets for therapeutic treatment. Previous proteomic studies have successfully identified protein signatures in the serum of noninfectious uveitis that can predict the relative need for IMT.…”

Serum Proteomic Analysis Revealed Biomarkers for Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps Pathophysiology

“… 13 , 16 , 39 Alterations in circulating proteins have been documented in a variety of inflammatory diseases, and serum proteomics offers insights into the pathophysiology of the disease, aids in disease diagnosis, tracks disease advancement, and predict the prognosis. 20 , 40 , 41 Diorio et al 42 identified fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 and mast cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 as predictive biomarkers of severe cytokine release syndrome and found IL18 as a possible targetable cytokine in immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome by serum proteomics. However, there are no clear results regarding serum protein expression profiles of eCRSwNP patients and the association between differentially expressed proteins and eosinophilic inflammation.…”

“…Serum samples were collected from patients with CRSwNP in the discovery cohort, and serum proteomics analysis was conducted using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) as previously outlined. 20 , 29 Briefly, serum samples were processed to extract total proteins, and their concentration was determined using the BCA assay. Subsequently, 100 μg of protein underwent acetone precipitation, followed by redissolution, reduction, alkylation, protein digestion, and final peptide desalting.…”

“… 15 Its main objective is to discern, measure, and examine the array of proteins within the serum, thereby providing valuable insights into a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. 13 , 16 , 17 The utilization of serum proteomics has played a pivotal role in advancing our comprehension of diseases, including cancer, 18 cardiovascular disorders, 19 autoimmune diseases, 20 and inflammatory diseases. 21 Zhou et al 22 using serum proteomics identified the combination of SAA1 and CD248 as an early diagnostic marker for systemic lupus erythematosus.…”

The Latest Developments in Using Proteomic Biomarkers from Urine and Serum for Non-Invasive Disease Diagnosis and Prognosis

“…The study suggested ORM1 in serum as a differentially expressed protein that was found to be correlated with disease activity. 123 Acute appendicitis. Acute appendicitis is one of the most prevalent abdominal illnesses on a global scale having a 7-8% lifetime risk according to estimates.…”