Proteome data set of human gingival crevicular fluid from healthy periodontium sites by multidimensional protein separation and mass spectrometry

Abstract

Background and Objective Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) has been of major interest for many decades as valuable body fluid that may serve as a source of biomarkers for both periodontal and systemic diseases. Because of its very small sample size, sub-μl level, identification of its protein composition by classical biochemical methods has been limited. The advent of highly sensitive mass spectrometric technology has permitted large-scale identification of protein components of many biological samples. This technology has been employed to identify protein composition of GCF from inflamed and periodontal sites. In this report we present a proteome dataset of GCF from healthy periodontium sites. Methods A combination of periopaper collection method with application of multidimensional protein separation and mass spectrometric (MS) technology led to a large-scale documentation of the proteome of GCF from healthy periodontium sites. Results The approaches utilized have culminated in identification of 199 proteins in GCF of periodontally healthy sites. The current GCF proteome from healthy sites was compared and contrasted with those proteomes of GCF from inflamed and periodontal sites as well as serum. The cross-correlation of the GCF and plasma proteomes permitted dissociation of the 199 identified GCF proteins into, 105 proteins (57%) that can be identified in plasma and 94 proteins (43%) which are distinct and unique to GCF microenvironment. Such analysis also revealed distinctions in protein functional categories between serum proteins and those specific to GCF microenvironment. Conclusion Firstly, the data presented herein provide the proteome of GCF from periodontally healthy sites through establishment of innovative analytical approaches for effective analysis of GCF from periopapers both at the level of complete elusion and removal of abundant albumin which restricts identification of low abundant proteins. Secondly, it adds significantly to the knowledge of GCF composition and highlights new groups of proteins specific to GCF microenvironment.

Dysbiosis by neutralizing commensal mediated inhibition of pathobionts

“…Among many other components, blood contains serum, hemin and hemoglobin24 but the hemolytic capacity of pathobionts can also increase their concentration25. It is already described that hemoglobin and hemin have a peroxidase activity172627.…”

Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Gingival Crevicular Fluid in Different Periodontal Conditions

“…In the GCF, pro-inflammatory cytokines and a vast array of other proteins can be found, especially in diseased subjects [8]. Recent reports have shown that, even in healthy periodontal microenvironment, GCF contains local proteins derived from extracellular matrix components and degradation products, as well as serum-derived proteins [7,9,10]. …”

“…This multi-biomarker approach has progressed by recent advances in clinical proteomics [12–14]. Many studies have been performed in GCF analyzing its proteome profile through mass spectrometry (MS) technology [7,9,10,15–19]. Those studies differed in relation to the clinical condition, including studies of experimental gingivitis [15,16], aggressive periodontitis subjects [7], CP subjects [9,18,19], and healthy subjects [10].…”

Trends in Laboratory Diagnostic Methods in Periodontology

“…Methods for measuring only the volume of the fluid are nowadays considered insufficient and have been replaced with the composition analyses, which can identify individual proteins of inflammatory and immune responses, proteinase inhibitors, hydrolytic enzymes, intracellular proteins, construction proteins of the cytoskeleton and apoptotic and signalling proteins (6,40). Based on the above-mentioned analyses, it is possible to determine the current level of periodontal damage, and the future course of the disease can be anticipated.…”