Protein kinase inhibitors in cancer treatment: a review

Abstract

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACTProtein kinases have important role in cell proliferation & differentiation of cell. They involved in diverse biological processes like growth, differentiation, metabolism and apoptosis in response to external and internal stimuli, mediator of signaling cascade. Tyrosine kinases are enzymes that selectively phosphorylates tyrosine residue in different substrates. Over expression of these tyrosine kinases receptor cause development of human cancer. So lot of work is done to understand role of tyrosine kinases in the pathophysiology of cancer. Defective regulation of growth processes plays a role in the genesis and progression of most type of cancer. Oncogenic activation of tyrosine kinase due to mutation, autocrine-paracrine stimulation in cancer cells can be blocked by selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors and thus considered as a promising approach for treatment of cancer. This review describes the role of growth factors in development of cancer & the role of TK inhibitors or growth blockers on treating cancer. This review article describes the mechanism of action, structures, and side effects of potent protein kinase inhibitors.

“Light-assisted evaporation induced self-assembly”: an efficient approach toward ordered carbon materials

“…In absence of benzophenone, in the rst stages of light irradiation, one can suppose that polymerization and self-assembly of phloroglucinolglyoxal under the light exposure is modied due to the absorption of light by phloroglucinol. Under light exposure, benzophenone absorbs light and pass into an excited state (triplet state) while H abstraction from ethanol (H-donor molecule) occurs generating a ketyl radical and a donor radical 33,34 which initiate the photopolymerization. 30,31 The NMR results conrm only the presence of 2,4,6 substituted phloroglucinol with the absence of quinone species.…”

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“…Based on previous experience and relevant literature [14], we carried out the reductive dimerization of benzophenone-d10 in solution in 2-propanol under UV-VIS irradiation using natural-ambient sun light. The different reactions that reported hereunder were carried in Brussels, Belgium (Latitude: 50°51′01″ Nord, Longitude: 4°20′55″ East) in May 2018 during days of fair weather in the upper Northern Hemisphere.…”

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“…In order to go even further along this path, another perspective is to use light as catalyst. Ancient examples of this approach can be found in the photo-bromination of toluene and the photoreductive dimerization of benzophenone [13].…”