Protein-bound polysaccharide from Phellinus linteus inhibits tumor growth, invasion, and angiogenesis and alters Wnt/β-catenin in SW480 human colon cancer cells

Abstract

BackgroundPolysaccharides extracted from the Phellinus linteus (PL) mushroom are known to possess anti-tumor effects. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-tumor properties of PL remain to be explored. Experiments were carried out to unravel the anticancer effects of PL.MethodsThe anti-cancer effects of PL were examined in SW480 colon cancer cells by evaluating cell proliferation, invasion and matrix metallo-proteinase (MMP) activity. The anti-angiogenic effects of PL were examined by assessing human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation and capillary tube formation. The in vivo effect of PL was evaluated in an athymic nude mouse SW480 tumor engraft model.ResultsPL (125-1000 μg/mL) significantly inhibited cell proliferation and decreased β-catenin expression in SW480 cells. Expression of cyclin D1, one of the downstream-regulated genes of β-catenin, and T-cell factor/lymphocyte enhancer binding factor (TCF/LEF) transcription activity were also significantly reduced by PL treatment. PL inhibited in vitro invasion and motility as well as the activity of MMP-9. In addition, PL treatment inhibited HUVEC proliferation and capillary tube formation. Tumor growth of SW480 cells implanted into nude mice was significantly decreased as a consequence of PL treatment, and tumor tissues from treated animals showed an increase in the apoptotic index and a decrease in β-catenin expression. Moreover, the proliferation index and microvessel density were significantly decreased.ConclusionsThese data suggest that PL suppresses tumor growth, invasion, and angiogenesis through the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in certain colon cancer cells.

Impact of novel oncolytic virus HF10 on cellular components of the tumor microenviroment in patients with recurrent breast cancer

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Identification of an anticancer compound against HT-29 cells from Phellinus linteus grown on germinated brown rice

“…P. linteus contains various bioactive substances, including polysaccharides and proteoglycans, which have been shown to exert anticancer and immune-regulatory properties [9] . Although most studies have focused on polysaccharides as active ingredients responsible for the antitumor effects of P. linteus [10][11][12] , our previous studies, interestingly, indicated that the anticancer activity of PB was observed in ethyl acetate extract, but not in boiled-water [8] . These observations suggested that the major anticancer constituent of PB might be retained in the nonpolar organic solvent fraction rather than in the polysaccharide-rich aqueous fraction.…”

Anti-metastatic effects of antrodan, the Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia glycoprotein, in lung carcinoma cells

“…Glycoproteins isolated from edible mushrooms have been shown to act as direct inhibitors of cancer cell metastasis [20,21]. Protein-bound polysaccharides isolated from Phellinus linteus have been demonstrated to inhibit invasion, motility and activities of MMP-9 in human colon cancer SW480 cells [20].…”