Protective role of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid nanoparticle loaded with resveratrol against isoproterenol‐induced myocardial infarction

Abstract

Our study is aimed at evaluating the effects of pretreatment with Poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid nanoparticle loaded with resveratrol (RSV PLGA NPs) compared to conventional resveratrol (RSV) on isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Sixty rats were randomly divided into six groups of 10 rats each. RSV and RSV PLGA NPs were given by gavage in two different doses (50 mg/kg body weight [BW] and 100 mg/kg BW) for 3 weeks. RSV and RSV PLGA NPs were given for 2 weeks starting 1 week before ISO administration. The blood samples were taken 24 hr after the last dose of ISO. The antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects were evaluated in all groups. Only 100 mg/kg dose of RSV and both doses of RSV PLGA NPs offered a cardioprotective effect by preventing cardiac troponin T (cTnT) levels, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities leakage from cardiomyocytes, with the best result for RSV PLGA NPs. All the oxidative stress parameters were significantly improved after RSV PLGA NPs compared to RSV pretreatment. RSV PLGA NPs were more efficient than RSV in limiting the increase in inflammatory cytokine expressions such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin 1 beta (IL‐1β), and NF‐kappaB (NF‐kB) expression. In addition, RSV PLGA NPs significantly upregulated eNOS expression and downregulated iNOS expression. RSV PLGA NPs better prevented myocardial necrosis and reduced interstitial edema and neutrophil infiltration than RSV, on histopathological examination. Therefore, improving the bioactivity of RSV by nanotechnology may help limit cardiac injury after myocardial infarction.

Comparative Protective Effect of Nigella sativa Oil and Vitis vinifera Seed Oil in an Experimental Model of Isoproterenol-Induced Acute Myocardial Ischemia in Rats

“…By comparison, we determined the level of T-troponin involved in myocardial contraction, not I-troponin, and the duration of therapy was lower. Sun et al reported that only resveratrol 100 mg/kg and resveratrol nanoparticles conferred a cardioprotective effect by reducing cardiac troponin T (cTnT) levels after ISO-induced ischemia [ 62 ].…”

Antioxidant effects of Citric Acid on Myocardium

“…While untreated groups revealed low levels of scavenger enzymes within ischemic myocardium associated with severe injury to myocardium by ROS during ischemia. Many researchers along with their teams also reported similar alteration during studying the cardioprotective effect on animal model 21,22 .…”

Protective Effects of L-2-Oxothiazolidine-4-Carboxylate during Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rats: In Vivo Study

“…Furthermore, the myocardial GSH levels were significantly reduced in ISO-injected rats, which concord with previously reported data [ 33 , 34 ] and suggests the increased utilization of the protective thiol-containing proteins by the lipid peroxides and the ROS. The decreased availability of reduced glutathione might also be a cause for the decreased activity of both GPx and GR in the myocardium of the ISO-injected rats [ 35 , 36 ]. Therefore, the observed significant increase in MDA and AOPP levels in the heart tissue of ISO-injected rats and the histopathological findings confirmed the presence of oxidative stress, which is characteristic of MI.…”

“…While this inflammatory reaction in the post-MI chronic stage contributes to the tissue repair of the injured myocardium, in acute MI, the effects of NF-κB-induced inflammatory cytokines are detrimental [ 7 ]. It has been previously shown that the reduced NF-κB activity is related to decreased oxidative stress in the myocardium [ 36 , 41 ]. Our findings were also consistent with the results of Lee et al [ 42 ], which demonstrated that OTC inhibits the NF-κB signal transduction pathway by decreasing NF-κB binding activity relative to the promoter regions of genes that are involved in inflammation.…”