Protective Effects of Wheat Peptides against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Lesions in Rats: Vasodilation and Anti-Inflammation

Abstract

Alcohol consumption increases the risk of gastritis and gastric ulcer. Nutritional alternatives are considered for relieving the progression of gastric mucosal lesions instead of conventional drugs that produce side effects. This study was designed to evaluate the gastroprotective effects and investigate the defensive mechanisms of wheat peptides against ethanol-induced acute gastric mucosal injury in rats. Sixty male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into six groups and orally treated with wheat peptides (0.1, 0.2, 0.4 g/kgbw) and omeprazole (20 mg/kgbw) for 4 weeks, following absolute ethanol administration for 1 h. Pretreatment with wheat peptides obviously enhanced the vasodilation of gastric mucosal blood vessels via improving the gastric mucosal blood flow and elevating the defensive factors nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and lowering the level of vasoconstrictor factor endothelin (ET)-1. Wheat peptides exhibited anti-inflammatory reaction through decreasing inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and increasing trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) levels. Moreover, wheat peptides significantly down-regulated the expression of phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa-B (p-NF-κB) p65 proteins in the NF-κB signaling pathway. Altogether, wheat peptides protect gastric mucosa from ethanol-induced lesions in rats via improving the gastric microcirculation and inhibiting inflammation mediated by the NF-κB signaling transduction pathway.

Protective Effects of Small-Molecule Oligopeptides Isolated from Tilapia Fish Scale on Ethanol-Induced Gastroduodenal Injury in Rats

“…If they are linked into a peptide chain, they will have their own special biological activity. Presently, a variety of natural active ingredients are widely used in research to prevent gastrointestinal diseases [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Collagen peptides derived from marine fish have great potential in preventing and treating gastroduodenal diseases due to their excellent antioxidant [ 33 , 34 ], cytogenetic, and tissue repair abilities [ 35 ].…”

Chemical Constituents and Anti‐Gastric Ulcer Activity of Essential Oils of Alpinia officinarum (Zingiberaceae), Cyperus rotundus (Cyperaceae), and Their Herbal Pair

“…Although ethanol can directly cause edema and bleeding of the gastric mucosa, the NF‐κB pathway also plays an important role in ethanol‐induced acute gastric ulcers. Activation of this pathway can induce the release of inflammatory factors, such as TNF‐α, IL‐6, and COX‐2, which aggravate gastric mucosal injury [1–3] . It has been reported that ethanol can activate the TRPV1 ion channel, [4,5] resulting in pain transmission and inflammatory reactions [6] .…”

Metabolomic Study of Zuojin Pill in Relieving 1-Methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine-Induced Chronic Atrophic Gastritis

“…e progression of CAG induces the secretion of proinflammatory factors, which in turn amplify gastric mucosal injury. TNF-α is an important proinflammatory factor from macrophages in the process of gastric inflammation and carcinogenesis [13,14]. COX catalyzes arachidonic acid biosynthesis of prostaglandins, in which the overexpression of COX-2 is closely related to the severity of gastritis [15].…”