Protective effects of silymarin on fumonisin B₁-induced hepatotoxicity in mice

Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of silymarin on experimental liver toxication induced by Fumonisin B1 (FB1) in BALB/c mice. The mice were divided into six groups (n = 15). Group 1 served as the control. Group 2 was the silymarin control (100 mg/kg by gavage). Groups 3 and 4 were treated with FB1 (Group 3, 1.5 mg/kg FB1, intraperitoneally; and Group 4, 4.5 mg/kg FB1). Group 5 received FB1 (1.5 mg/kg) and silymarin (100 mg/kg), and Group 6 was given a higher dose of FB1 (4.5 mg/kg FB1) with silymarin (100 mg/kg). Silymarin treatment significantly decreased (p < 0.0001) the apoptotic rate. FB1 administration significantly increased (p < 0.0001) proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 expression. Furthermore, FB1 elevated the levels of caspase-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediators while silymarin significantly reduced (p < 0.0001) the expression of these factors. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) expressions were significantly elevated in Group 4 (p < 0.0001). Silymarin administration alleviated increased VEGF and FGF-2 expression levels (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, silymarin ameliorated toxic liver damage caused by FB1 in BALB/c mice.

Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice

“…Protective effect of herbal extracts against fumonisin b1 induced toxicity has fewer reports. El-Adawi et al (2011) [34] studied protective effects of milk thistle and grape seed extracts on fumonisin B1 induced hepato-and nephro-toxicity in rats and Sozmen et al (2014) [35] reported protective effects of sylimarin against fumonisin B1-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.P. kurroa is a well-known ayurvedic herb and shown hepatoprotective activity in diverse models of liver toxicity.…”

In Silico and In Vitro Studies of Mycotoxins and Their Cocktails; Their Toxicity and Its Mitigation by Silibinin Pre-Treatment

“…The FB1-induced hepatocyte damage was significantly diminished by the silymarin treatment. Silymarin decreased apoptosis rate, increased cell proliferation, and prevented the FB1-induced increase of TNF-α [37,39]. According to Naseer et al [38], silymarin showed better results compared to choline chloride (liver tonics) in lowering the AFB1-induced serum aminotransferase, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen.…”

The ameliorating effect of silymarin against vancomycin-induced apoptosis and inflammation in rat liver

“…Anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects of SL occur via TNF-α reduction [24] and SL also blocked TNF-induced cytotoxicity [28]. SL protects the liver against hepatotoxin-induced liver damage via blocking activation of intrahepatic nuclear factor kappa B and consequently inhibiting intrahepatic TNF-α expression [13]. In vitro and in vivo studies indicated that SL modulates production of TNF-α and inflammation.…”

“…In previous studies, hepatoprotective effects of SL have been reported against various drugs/toxins including acetaminophen, carbon tetrachloride, D-galactosamine [7], ethanol [29], fumonisin B1 [13], cisplatin [23], isotretinoin [30], doxorubicin [12], and Amanita phalloides toxin [7], while this is the first study on the hepatoprotective effect of SL against VA-induced apoptosis and inflammation in rats.…”

“…However, VA is associated with some adverse effects including nephrotoxicity [11]. In previous studies, the protective effect of SL was demonstrated against drug/chemical-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the liver tissues [12][13][14], while there is no study on hepatoprotective effects of SL against VA-induced apoptosis and inflammation in the literature. Therefore, the subject of the study was to evaluate potential protective effects of SL against VAinduced apoptosis and inflammation using apoptotic (caspase-3, -8, and -9 enzyme activities) and inflammatory (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)) markers, and histopathological parameters (sinusoidal dilatation, vacuolization, nuclear pleomorphism, necrosis, inflammation, pyknosis, capsule thickening, and fibrosis) in rat liver.…”