Protective Effects of Selenium, Zinc, or Their Combination on Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Kidney

Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate whether the combined treatment with Se and Zn offers more beneficial effects than that provided by either of them alone in reversing Cd-induced oxidative stress in the kidney of rat. For this purpose, 30 adult male Wistar albino rats, equally divided into control and four treated groups, received either 200 ppm Cd (as CdCl(2)), 200 ppm Cd + 500 ppm Zn (as ZnCl(2)), 200 ppm Cd + 0.1 ppm Se (as Na(2)SeO(3)), or 200 ppm Cd + 500 ppm Zn + 0.1 ppm Se in their drinking water for 35 days. The results showed that Cd treatment decreased significantly the catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, whereas the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the renal levels of lipid peroxidation (as malondialdehyde, MDA) were increased compared to control rats. The treatment of Cd-exposed rats with Se alone had no significant effect on the Cd-induced increase in the MDA concentrations but increased significantly the CAT activities and reversed Cd-induced increase in SOD activity. It also partially prevented Cd-induced decrease in GSH-Px activity. The treatment of Cd-exposed animals with Zn alone increased significantly the CAT activity and partially protected against Cd-induced increase in the MDA concentrations, whereas it had no significant effect on the Cd-induced increase in SOD activity and decrease in GSH-Px activity. The combined treatment of Cd-exposed animals with Se and Zn was more effective than that with either of them alone in reversing Cd-induced decrease in CAT and GSH-Px activities and Cd-induced increase in MDA concentrations. Results demonstrated beneficial effects of combined Se and Zn treatment in Cd-induced oxidative stress in kidney and suggest that Se and Zn can have a synergistic role against Cd toxicity.

Vitamin U has a protective effect on valproic acid-induced renal damage due to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic properties

“…There are many studies showing that VPA elevates the ROS levels which are considered as a life-threatening side effect of VPA therapy (Tong et al 2005;Auinger et al 2009;Tung and Winn 2011). LPOs are generated as a result of ROS attack which leads to the destruction of cell membranes (Messaoudi et al 2009), and they are considered as key factor in VPA-mediated tissue damage (Chaudhary and Parvez 2012;Chaudhary et al 2014). We are also supporting these data with our new findings.…”

The Effect of Selenium and Lycopene on Oxidative Stress in Bone Tissue in Rats Exposed to Cadmium

“…than the other treated groups as well as the cadmium treated one. These results agree with results reported by Messaoudi et al [20], who reported that selenium increased the body weight of Wistar rats exposed to cadmium. The increase in body weight of rats in this study also agree with the finding of Rencuzogullari and Erdogan [21], who showed an increase in the body weight of rats exposed orally to cadmium and given a dose of 10 mg lycopene/kg b.w.…”

Biological responses related to agonistic, antagonistic and synergistic interactions of chemical species

“…For example, selenium and zinc counteract the toxic effect of cadmium. This interaction has been studied in cultured cells (Se/Cd) [89] and rat kidney (Se/Cd, Zn/Cd) [90]. In addition to Se and Zn, Ca and P also appear to influence the toxicity of Cd (Ca/Cd, P/Cd), especially in relation to nephropathy and osteodystrophy [91].…”