Protective Effects of Selected Botanical Agents on Bone

Jolly, James Jam; Chin, Kok‐Yong; Alias, Ekram; Chua, Kien Hui; Soelaiman, Ima Nirwana

doi:10.3390/ijerph15050963

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Effective prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and bone fractures are paramount, since patients with osteoporosis may be completely asymptomatic until they experience a fracture [6]. Therefore, many scientists have tried to find effective compounds and molecules that stimulate osteoblast differentiation and inactivate osteoclast vitalization [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermented Oyster Extract Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway, Leading to Bone Formation

et al. 2019

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The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is well-known as a nutritious food. Recently, we revealed that fermented extract of C. gigas (FO) inhibited ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis, resulting from suppression of osteoclastogenesis. However, since the beneficial effect of FO on osteogenesis is poorly understood, it was examined in mouse preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells, human osteosarcoma MG-63 osteoblast-like cells, and zebrafish larvae in this study. We found that FO increased mitochondrial activity from days 1 to 7; however, total cell number of MC3T3-E1 cells gradually decreased without any change in cell viability, which suggests that FO stimulates the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. FO also promoted the expression of osteoblast marker genes, including runt-related transcription factor 2 (mRUNX2), alkaline phosphatase (mALP), collagen type I α1 (mCol1α1), osteocalcin (mOCN), osterix (mOSX), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (mBMP2), and mBMP4 in MC3T3-E1 cells accompanied by a significant increase in ALP activity. FO also increased nuclear translocation of RUNX2 and OSX transcription factors, ALP activity, and calcification in vitro along with the upregulated expression of osteoblast-specific marker proteins such as RUNX2, ALP, Col1α1, OCN, OSX, and BMP4. Additionally, FO enhanced bone mineralization (calcein intensity) in zebrafish larvae at 9 days post-fertilization comparable to that in the β-glycerophosphate (GP)-treated group. All the tested osteoblast marker genes, including zRUNX2a, zRUNX2b, zALP, zCol1a1, zOCN, zBMP2, and zBMP4, were also remarkably upregulated in the zebrafish larvae in response to FO. It also promoted tail fin regeneration in adult zebrafish as same as the GP-treated groups. Furthermore, not only FO positively regulate β-catenin expression and Wnt/β-catenin luciferase activity, but pretreatment with a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor (FH535) also significantly decreased FO-mediated bone mineralization in zebrafish larvae, which indicates that FO-induced osteogenesis depends on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Altogether, the current study suggests that the supplemental intake of FO has a beneficial effect on osteogenesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermented Oyster Extract Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway, Leading to Bone Formation

et al. 2019

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“…Epimedium koreanum and E. sagittatum from the Berberidaceae family contain epimedium flavonoids such as icariin, epimedin A, and epimedin C [38,39]. These active flavonoids are the main constituents with anti-osteoporotic activities of these Epimedium plants [40]. Glycine max from the Fabaceae family, commonly known as soybean, is rich in proteins and flavonoids like genistein and diadzien, which are categorized as phytoestrogens [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated Compounds from Turpinia formosana Nakai Induce Ossification

Imtiyaz

Wang

Lin

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Bone metabolism is a homeostatic process, imbalance in which leads to the onset of diseases such as osteoporosis and osteopenia. Although several drugs are currently available to treat such conditions, they are associated with severe side effects and do not enhance bone formation. Thus, identifying alternative treatment strategies that focus on enhancing bone formation is essential. Herein, we explored the osteogenic potential of Turpinia formosana Nakai using human osteoblast (HOb) cells. The plant extract was subjected to various chromatographic techniques to obtain six compounds, including one new compound: 3,3′-di-O-methylellagic acid-4-O-α-l-arabinofuranoside (1). Compounds 3,3′-di-O-methylellagic acid-4-O-α-l-arabinofuranoside (1), gentisic acid 5-O-β-d-(6′-O-galloyl) glucopyranoside (2), strictinin (3), and (-)-epicatechin-3-O-β-d-allopyranoside (6) displayed no significant cytotoxicity toward HOb cells, and thus their effects on various osteogenic markers were analyzed. Results showed that 1–3 and 6 significantly increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity up to 120.0, 121.3, 116.4, and 125.1%, respectively. Furthermore, 1, 2, and 6 also markedly enhanced the mineralization process with respective values of up to 136.4, 118.9, and 134.6%. In addition, the new compound, 1, significantly increased expression levels of estrogen receptor-α (133.4%) and osteogenesis-related genes of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteopontin (OPN), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, bone sialoprotein (BSP), type I collagen (Col-1), and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) by at least 1.5-fold. Our results demonstrated that compounds isolated from T. formosana possess robust osteogenic potential, with the new compound, 1, also exhibiting the potential to enhance the bone formation process. We suggest that T. formosana and its isolated active compounds deserve further evaluation for development as anti-osteoporotic agents.

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“…The soybean ( Glycine max L.) is an annual plant belonging to the Fabaceae family, which grows mainly in Southwest Asia. It is a rich source of proteins and flavonoids, such as genistein, daidzein, biochanin A, and glycitein [ 64 ]. In soybean, the aglycones and conjugate forms of genistein account for 60% of isoflavones and daidzein for up to 30% [ 65 ].…”

Section: Phytoestrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botanicals in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

2021

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Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mass and the deterioration of bone microarchitecture leading to bone fragility and an increased risk of fractures. Conventional anti-osteoporotic pharmaceutics are effective in the treatment and prophylaxis of osteoporosis, however they are associated with various side effects that push many women into seeking botanicals as an alternative therapy. Traditional folk medicine is a rich source of bioactive compounds waiting for discovery and investigation that might be used in those patients, and therefore botanicals have recently received increasing attention. The aim of this review of literature is to present the comprehensive information about plant-derived compounds that might be used to maintain bone health in perimenopausal and postmenopausal females.

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Protective Effects of Selected Botanical Agents on Bone

Cited by 26 publications

References 95 publications

Fermented Oyster Extract Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway, Leading to Bone Formation

Fermented Oyster Extract Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway, Leading to Bone Formation

Isolated Compounds from Turpinia formosana Nakai Induce Ossification

Botanicals in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

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