Protective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on chronic restraint stress induced learning and memory impairments in male mice

Wang, Yuchan; Kan, Hongwei; Yin, Yong; Wu, Wang‐Yang; Wen, Hao; Wang, Mingming; Li, Weiping; Li, Weizu

doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2014.02.012

Cited by 88 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…We applied CRS because Levinstein and Samuels [8] found that it is an effective model for obtaining depressive-like symptoms in rodents. In addition, previous reports showed that CRS can exacerbate neurodegeneration and cognitive defi cits [9,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Increased Activity of Hippocampal Antioxidant Enzymes as an Important Adaptive Phenomenon of the Antioxidant Defense System in Chronically Stressed Rats

et al. 2017

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This study examined the effects of chronic restraint stress (CRS: 2 hours × 14 days) on gene expression of three antioxidant enzymes, copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD 1), manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD 2) and catalase (CAT) in the rat hippocampus. Also, we examined changes in the activities of SOD 1, SOD 2 and CAT in the hippocampus of chronically stressed rats. Investigated parameters were quantifi ed by using real-time RT-PCR, Western blot analysis and assay of enzymatic activity.We found that CRS did not change mRNA and protein levels of SOD 1 and CAT, but increased mRNA and protein levels of SOD 2. However, CRS treatment increased the enzyme activities of SOD 1, SOD 2 and CAT.Our fi ndings indicate that the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD 1, SOD 2 and CAT) in the hippocampus may be an important adaptive phenomenon of the antioxidant defense system in chronically stressed rats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Increased Activity of Hippocampal Antioxidant Enzymes as an Important Adaptive Phenomenon of the Antioxidant Defense System in Chronically Stressed Rats

et al. 2017

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“…Ginsenoside Rg1, the major active ingredient of the herb Panax Ginseng, has been shown to be a potential neuroprotective agent for Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders [28,29], and to improve cognitive and memory impairments in animal models [30,31]. Recent studies have shown that ginsenoside Rg1 exerts antidepressant-like effects by reversing reductions in BDNF protein levels induced by chronic stress in the mouse hippocampus [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenoside Rg1 Prevents Chronic Stress-Induced Depression-Like Behaviors and Neuronal Structural Plasticity in Rats

Fan

Yang

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Ginsenoside Rg1 has been demonstrated to exhibit neuroprotective effects in various studies. This study aimed to investigate the neuronal mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective and antidepressant-like effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in a rat model of depression. Methods: Chronic unpredictable mild stress was used to induce depression-like behaviors in rats. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe neuronal synapses within the basolateral amygdala (BLA). The expression of microRNA (miR)-134 in the BLA was verified by real-time quantitative PCR. Finally, the synaptic plasticity-associated proteins CAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were detected by immunoblotting. Results: Results showed that chronic stress effectively induced depression-like behaviors in rats, which were associated with significant ultrastructural changes within BLA neurons. Moreover, chronic stress decreased the expression of miR-134 in the BLA, which was accompanied by decreased phosphorylation of CREB and decreased expression of BDNF. Remarkably, chronic administration of ginsenoside Rg1 (40 mg/kg, i.p., 5 weeks) significantly ameliorated the neuronal structural abnormalities and biochemical changes induced by chronic stress, as well as preventing depression-like behaviors in these rats. Conclusion: Results suggested that ginsenoside Rg1 may exhibit neuroprotection and antidepressant-like effects by activating the CREB-BDNF system within the BLA in this rat model of depression. Amelioration of depression-like behaviors by ginsenoside Rg1 appears to involve modulation of the synapse-associated factor miR-134 within the BLA. Therefore, these findings demonstrate some of the neuronal mechanisms associated with depression and the therapeutic potential of ginsenoside Rg1 for use in the treatment of depression in clinical trials.

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“…In addition, previous reports showed that CRS can exacerbate neurodegeneration, cognitive deficits and depressive-like behaviors in rats [6]- [8]. However, very little is known about the degree of correlation between animal behavior and levels of neurotransmitters in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in stress conditions provoked by CRS (2 hours × 14 days).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Behaviors and Catecholamine Content in Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus of Chronically Stressed Rats

Popović¹,

Pajović²,

Stojiljković³

et al. 2017

RAD Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Chronic stress induces over-activation and dysfunction of stress-activated systems, resulting in further brain damage and depressive-like behavior. Depression is a potentially life-threatening disorder that affects people and, therefore, it is one of the most important public health problems. This study examined the effects of chronic restraint stress (CRS: 2 hours × 14 days) on the anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors in rats, as well as on the possible changes in the concentrations of dopamine (DA) and noradrenaline (NA) in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. We observed a decrease in the number of entries into open arms and time spent in open arms during the elevated plus-maze test (anxiety-like behavior), as well as the increased immobility during the forced swimming test (depression-like behavior). In addition, we found that CRS increases concentration of NA and decreases concentration of DA in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Also, we recorded a significant correlation between the animal behavior and levels of neurotransmitters in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in stress conditions provoked by CRS. The results presented here suggest that there is a relationship between the animal behavior and levels of neurotransmitters in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in stress conditions provoked by CRS, which may be important in the research of numerous psychiatric diseases caused by chronic stress.

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Protective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on chronic restraint stress induced learning and memory impairments in male mice

Cited by 88 publications

References 39 publications

Increased Activity of Hippocampal Antioxidant Enzymes as an Important Adaptive Phenomenon of the Antioxidant Defense System in Chronically Stressed Rats

Increased Activity of Hippocampal Antioxidant Enzymes as an Important Adaptive Phenomenon of the Antioxidant Defense System in Chronically Stressed Rats

Ginsenoside Rg1 Prevents Chronic Stress-Induced Depression-Like Behaviors and Neuronal Structural Plasticity in Rats

Relationship Between Behaviors and Catecholamine Content in Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus of Chronically Stressed Rats

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