Protective Effects of Curcumin in High Fat Diet (HFD)-Induced Obesity Include Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Adipose Tissue and Changes in Gut Microbiome (P06-075-19)

Abstract

Objectives Curcumin, a traditionally used spice in Asia has several health-protecting effects. However, its role on gut microbiota and obesity-associated inflammation is still poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine whether the protective effects of curcumin in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity are mediated by reduced white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation and changes in gut bacteria. Methods Male B6 mice were fed a HFD (45% kcal fat) or HFD supplemented with 0.4% (w/w) curcumin (HFC) for thirteen weeks. Body weight, adiposity, glucose and, insulin tolerances, and serum triglycerides, insulin, leptin, resistin levels were measured. Gut microbiome composition was determined by 16S RNA metagenomics sequencing. Expression of inflammation-related genes in WAT was measured by qRT-PCR. Macrophage contents in WAT were evaluated by galectin-3 immunohistochemical staining. Results Pro-inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p65 subunit (p65) and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) gene expression was downregulated in HFC group compared to HFD mice. Furthermore, curcumin reduced total macrophage infiltration in WAT in HFC mice compared to HFD group. Expression of both M1 (CD80, CD38) and M2 (Arginase-1) associated genes was decreased. The relative abundance of bacteria representing the Clostridium genus, which contains numerous short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing species, was increased by the curcumin supplement. Conclusions Curcumin exerts protective effects in dietary obesity, in part through downregulation of adipose tissue inflammation which may be due to the production of SCFA and, possibly other curcumin metabolites by gut microflora. Funding Sources Startup funds and Come N Go award from the College of Human Sciences at Texas Tech University.

Antitoxic Effects of Curcumin against Obesity-Induced Multi-Organs’ Biochemical and Histopathological Abnormalities in an Animal Model

“…In the present study, curcumin significantly reduces the inflammation state in HFDC group indicated by lower levels of TLR-4, IL-6, and TNF-α genes' expressions in AT in comparison with HFD group. ese observations were confirmed by prior research studies [41,71,72]. Additionally, the present results were in accordance with Panahi et al [55], who revealed that curcumin has been shown to block NF-κB translocation to the nucleus and decrease its DNA binding activity, thereby inhibiting the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and TNF-α.…”

Phytochemicals and cancer chemoprevention

“…There have been several conclusive in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies conducted on the use and benefits of curcumin in treating inflammatory diseases. Curcumin exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in adipose tissue of C57BL/6 mice fed a high fat diet by down-regulating inflammatory transcription factors like NF-κB and toll-like receptor-4 [183] . The clinical effectiveness of curcumin in treating inflammation was studied in patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis, and significant reductions in myeloperoxidase, collagen degradation activity, and C-reactive protein levels were observed; also, additional symptoms like pain and effusion were reduced [184] .…”

Consumo da casca de jabuticaba (Plinia cauliflora)

“…Os compostos (poli) fenólicos e as antocianinas não são denominados prebióticos, segundo a legislação brasileira e de outros países, pois sofrem alterações em suas estruturas químicas pelo trato gastrointestinal podendo ser absorvidos pelo organismo; além de servirem de substrato para algumas bactérias, eles e seus metabólitos, inibem o crescimento de certas espécies de micro-organismos, modulando a MIB resultando na melhora da saúde do hospedeiro (Dueñas et al, 2015;Igwe, Charlton, Probst, Kent, & Netzel, 2018;Islam, Koboziev, Scoggin, Ramalingam, & Moustaid-Moussa, 2019).…”