Protective effects of carotenoids from saffron on neuronal injury in vitro and in vivo

Ochiai, Takashi; Shimeno, Hiroshi; Mishima, Ken ichi; Iwasaki, Katsunori; Fujiwara, Michihiro; Tanaka, Hiroyuki; Shoyama, Yukihiro; Toda, Akihisa; Eyanagi, Reiko; Soeda, Shinji

doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2006.11.012

Cited by 189 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is postulated when bioactive molecules crocin and crocetin absorbed into blood plasma, they may modulate intracellular oxidative stress by activation of body's natural antioxidant enzymes (Ordoudi et al 2009). Ochiai et al (2007) assessed the antioxidant activity of each crocin by monitoring the inhibition of coupled auto-oxidation of ß-carotene and linolenic acid emulsion in cell lysates. They showed that crocetin, a polyene di carboxylic acid consisting of seven conjugated double bonds and four side-chain methyl groups, had a key role in the antioxidant activity of carotenoids while, picrocrocin had no activity.…”

Section: Phenolic and Flavonoid Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have demonstrated various pharmacological effects of saffron and or its important compounds including antioxidant activity, anti tumor, memory and learning enhancing, treatment of hepatic disorders, anti inflammatory, anti depressant and insulin resistant reducing (Sanchez-Vioque et al 2012;Makhlouf et al 2011;Umigai et al 2011;Ghadrdoost et al 2011;Amin et al 2011;Dhar et al 2009;Nkhaei et al 2008;Ochiai et al 2007;Soeda et al 2007;Abdullaev and Espinosa-Aguirre 2004). All these properties have been attributed to the stigmas, the sole commercially valuable part of the plant whereas other parts of the plant have been much less studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of antioxidant activities of bioactive compounds and various extracts obtained from saffron (Crocus sativus L.): a review

et al. 2014

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Saffron (Crocus sativus L. stigma), the most valuable medicinal food product, belongs to the Iridaceae family which has been widely used as a coloring and flavoring agent. These properties are basically related to its crocins, picrocrocin and safranal contents which have all demonstrated health promoting properties. The present review article highlights the phytochemical constituents (phenolic and flavonoid compounds, degraded carotenoid compounds crocins and crocetin) that are important in antioxidant activity of saffron extracts. However, the synergistic effect of all the bioactive components presence in saffron gave a significant antioxidant activity similar to vegetables rich in carotenoids. Our study provides an updated overview focused on the antioxidant activity of saffron related to its bioactive compounds to design the different functional products in food, medicine and cosmetic industries.

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Section: Phenolic and Flavonoid Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antioxidant activities of bioactive compounds and various extracts obtained from saffron (Crocus sativus L.): a review

et al. 2014

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“…The modifying effects of saffron and its carotenoids on antioxidant enzymatic activities have also been shown in other experimental models (Premkumar et al, 2001;Premkumar et al, 2003;Shen and Qian, 2006). Moreover, crocin and other carotenoids from saffron prevent the death of rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells, apoptotic morphological changes, and DNA fragmentation induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and serum=glucose deprivation by its antioxidant effects and increasing GSH synthesis (Soeda et al, 2001;Ochiai et al, 2004aOchiai et al, , 2004bOchiai et al, , 2007.…”

Section: Effect Of Saffron and Crocin On Mms-induced Dna Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Crocus sativus Stigma Extract and Crocin (trans-crocin 4) on Methyl Methanesulfonate–Induced DNA Damage in Mice Organs

Hosseinzadeh

Abootorabi

Sadeghnia

2008

DNA and Cell Biology

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This study was designed to examine the effect of aqueous extract of Crocus sativus stigmas (CSE) and crocin (trans-crocin 4) on methyl methanesulfonate (MMS)-induced DNA damage in multiple mice organs using comet assay. Adult male NMRI mice in different groups were treated with either physiological saline (10 mL=Kg, intraperitoneal [ip]), CSE (80 mg=Kg, ip), crocin (400 mg=Kg, ip), MMS (120 mg=Kg, ip), and CSE (5, 20, and 80 mg=Kg, ip) 45 min prior to MMS administration or crocin (50, 200, and 400 mg=Kg, ip) 45 min prior to MMS administration. Mice were scarified about 3 h after each different treatment, and the alkaline comet assay was used to evaluate the effect of these compounds on DNA damage in different mice organs. The percent of DNA in the comet tail (% tail DNA) was measured. A significant increase in the % tail DNA was seen in nuclei of different organs of MMS-treated mice. In control groups, no significant difference was found in the % tail DNA between CSE-or crocin-pretreated and saline-pretreated mice. The MMS-induced DNA damage in CSEpretreated mice (80 mg=Kg) was decreased between 2.67-fold (kidney) and 4.48-fold (lung) compared to those of MMS-treated animals alone ( p < 0.001). This suppression of DNA damage by CSE was found to be depended on the dose, which pretreatment with CSE (5 mg=Kg) only reduced DNA damage by 6.97%, 6.57%, 7.27%, and 9.90% in liver, lung, kidney, and spleen, respectively ( p > 0.05 as compared with MMS-treated group). In the same way, crocin also significantly decreased DNA damage by MMS (between 4.69-fold for liver and 6.55-fold for spleen, 400 mg=Kg), in a dose-dependent manner. These data indicate that there is a genoprotective property in CSE and crocin, as revealed by the comet assay, in vivo.

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“…Saffron's extract has various compounds like α-Krustyn, crocins including the crocin and tricrocin, pykrvkrvsyn and safranal (Alonso et al, 1998;Li et al, 1999;Lozano et al, 2000;Tarantilis et al, 1994;. These carotenoids protective effect on variety of cancers and preventing exhaustion of neurons and enhancing the memory have been studied (Ochiai et al, 2007;2004) but there has been insufficient attention to physiologic or side effects of saffron's extract on reproductive system function (Fernandez, 2004). Regarding valuable alkaloids due to the body of eruption and saffron's root in majority of pharmacopoeia, it has been introduced as a very important herbal medicine and its properties have been stated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding therapeutic characteristics, saffron is beneficial for curing nervous pains, insomnia, paroxysm, asthma, rheumatism, gingivitis, cough, gastric disorders, sleeplessness, uterus chronic hemorrhage, femininity disorders, scarlet fever, influenza and cardiovascular disorders and brain damages (Bisset and Wichtl, 2001;Fatehi et al, 2003;Gainer and Jones, 1975;Mohajeri et al, 2008;Wuthrich et al, 1997). In traditional medicine, saffron has been utilized with various applications such as sexual potential stimulant (Abe and Saito, 2000), anti spasm (Bisset and Wichtl, 2001;Hosseinzadeh and Talebzadeh, 2005) anti depression (Moshiri et al, 2006), sedative and anti inflammation, anti flatulence, regulating menstruation, increasing factor of body transpiration (Abe and Saito, 2000;Abdullaev and Espinosa-Aguirre, 2004;Abdullaev and Ferenkel, 1992;Akhondzadeh et al, 2004;Fatehi et al, 2003;Meistrich et al, 2003;Hosseinzadeh and Talebzadeh, 2005;Mohajeri et al, 2007;2008;Moshiri et al, 2006;Ochiai et al, 2007). Also it has been cleared that this grass improves the memory power and has some removal effects on free radicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Saffron on Histomorphometric Changes of Testicular Tissue in Rat

2011

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Problem statement: Saffron is widely used as a food flavor and has well known medicinal effects. This drug has an effect on steroid and sexual hormones. The aim of this study was investigation of Saffron orally administration on histomorphometric change of testicular tissue in rat. In this experimental study, 40 male rats are used (4 groups and 10 rats in each group). Approach: Animals were received Saffron (50, 100 and 200 mg kg −1 ) daily orally administration, during 28 days. As one group was control (normal saline) and three groups was drug consumer. The testis tissue was sampled after passing of above time and section providing, was stained by H and E. Results: The histomorphometric changes of testicular tissue which include, seminiferous tubules diameter, seminiferous epithelial thickness, interstitial tissue and testicular capsule thickness were studied. Results showed that seminiferous tubules diameter, seminiferous epithelial thickness had significantly decreased (p<0.05) but interstitial tissue thickness had significantly increased (p<0.05) compared with control group. Testicular capsule thickness had not significantly changed. Conclusion: Our results showed that seminiferous tubules diameter, seminiferous epithelial thickness and interstitial tissue thickness in rat testis were significantly changed after Saffron orally administration. This results probably via the reducing of serum testosterone concentration. Effect of Saffron on spermatogenesis index and unfertilization in human needed to be more investigation.

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Protective effects of carotenoids from saffron on neuronal injury in vitro and in vivo

Cited by 189 publications

References 18 publications

Evaluation of antioxidant activities of bioactive compounds and various extracts obtained from saffron (Crocus sativus L.): a review

Evaluation of antioxidant activities of bioactive compounds and various extracts obtained from saffron (Crocus sativus L.): a review

Protective Effect of Crocus sativus Stigma Extract and Crocin (trans-crocin 4) on Methyl Methanesulfonate–Induced DNA Damage in Mice Organs

Effect of Saffron on Histomorphometric Changes of Testicular Tissue in Rat

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