Protective effect of valerian extract capsule (VEC) on ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric mucosa injury and ameliorative effect of VEC on gastrointestinal motility disorder

Abstract

Context Valerian extract capsule (VEC) is an effective Chinese patent medicine used for gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Objective To investigate the detailed pharmacological activity for VEC clinical effects in GI diseases. Materials and methods Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: control, model, and drug-treated (VEC-L, VEC-M, VEC-H, and teprenone). Rats were orally administered VEC (124, 248, 496 mg/kg) and teprenone (21.43 mg/kg) for 3 consecutive days. After 1 h, the five groups (except the control group) were orally given ethanol (10 mL/kg) for 1 h or indomethacin (80 mg/kg) for 7 h. The spasmolytic activity of VEC (0.01–1 mg/mL) on ACh/BaCl 2 -induced New Zealand rabbit smooth muscle contraction was performed. The C57BL/6 mice carbon propelling test evaluated the effects of VEC (248–992 mg/kg) on intestinal motility in normal and neostigmine/adrenaline-induced mice. Results Compared with the model group, VEC treatment reduced the gastric lesion index and mucosal damage. Further experiments showed that the pathological ameliorative effect of VEC was accompanied by augmentation of the enzymatic antioxidant system and cytoprotective marker (COX-1, p < 0.01; PGI2 p < 0.05;), along with the alleviation of the levels of MPO (ethanol: 15.56 ± 0.82 vs. 12.15 ± 2.60, p < 0.01; indomethacin: 9.65 ± 3.06 vs. 6.36 ± 2.43, p < 0.05), MDA (ethanol: 1.66 ± 0.44 vs. 0.81 ± 0.58, p < 0.01; indomethacin: 1.71 ± 0.87 vs. 1.09 ± 0.43, p < 0.05), and inflammatory mediators. VEC decreased the high tone induced by ACh/BaCl 2 and promoted intestinal transit in normal and neostigmine/adrenaline-induced mice. Discussion and conclusions VEC showed a potential gastroprotective effect, suggesting that VEC is a promising phytomedicine for the treatment of GI diseases.

Cuminum cyminum Ameliorates Urotoxic Effects of Cyclophosphamide by Modulating Antioxidant, Inflammatory Cytokines, and Urinary Bladder Overactivity: In vivo and in Silico Investigations

“…The inhibition of AEECC was remarkably changed by indomethacin (1 μM) in both control and CYP-treated overactive urinary bladder, suggesting that AEECC could induce the local production of relaxant prostaglandins. [27] Albeit Cuminum cyminum seeds are a rich source of apigenin and luteolin either in free or glucosylated forms, oxygenated and glycosylated monoterpenes along with some quinates as reported in earlier study. [28] In this study, a prefatory characterization using LCMS of ethanol extract showed the presence of other metabolites.…”

“…Finally, the possibility that other relaxing mechanisms contribute to the spasmolytic effect of AEECC was investigated. The inhibition of AEECC was remarkably changed by indomethacin (1 μM) in both control and CYP‐treated overactive urinary bladder, suggesting that AEECC could induce the local production of relaxant prostaglandins [27] …”

Tormentic acid, a triterpenoid isolated from the fruits of Chaenomeles speciose , protected indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesion via modulating miR-139 and the CXCR4/CXCL12/PLC/PKC/Rho a/MLC pathway

“… 2018 ; Feng et al. 2022 ). When the epithelial cells migrated to the injured site, activated CXCR4/CXCL12 could, on the other hand, stimulate epithelial cell repolarization, reconstitute cell-cell connection and cell-matrix adhesion, advance epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation, reconstruct mucosal barrier, and then accelerate the healing of damaged gastric mucosa through activating the PLC/PKC/Rho A/MLC pathway (Rathinam et al.…”

New Biotechnological Forms of Nutritional Supplements Aimed at Improving the Gut Disbiosis and Their Clinical Appraisal

“…Other diseases such as cardiovascular and autoimmune disorders, skin, liver and kidney diseases, allergies, depression, and others are also associated with the gut functioning and flora state [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Microbiota serves as a reliable and objective indicator of a person's health and diet, so it seems essential to restore the disturbed microbiocenosis, employing the nutrition factor [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The effectiveness of the developed products was evaluated during the clinical trials involving 10 volunteers (1 male and 9 females aged from 33 to 72.…”