Protective Effect of Resveratrol against Hypoxia-Induced Neural Oxidative Stress

Abstract

Oxidative stress plays an important role in brain aging and in neurodegenerative diseases. New therapeutic agents are necessary to cross the blood–brain barrier and target disease pathogenesis without causing disagreeable side effects. Resveratrol (RSV) may act as a neuroprotective compound, but little is known about its potential in improving the cognitive and metabolic aspects that are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects and the underlying mechanisms of RSV against hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in neuronal PC12 cells. For the induction of the hypoxia model, the cells were exposed to oxygen-deprived gas in a hypoxic chamber. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by a fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was analyzed by using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) and 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, acetyl ester (CM-H2DCFDA) tests. The expression of activated caspase-3, -9, Bcl-2, Bax, p53, and SOD was investigated by a Western blot analysis. We found that hypoxia reduced PC12 viability by inducing apoptosis, while RSV treatment attenuated the ROS-induced damage by reducing caspase-3, -9, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The RSV treated groups were found to improve cellular health, with a 7.41% increase in the S phase population in the 10 µM group, compared to the control. Hence, RSV has a protective effect in neuronal cells and may halt the cell cycle in the G1/S phase to repair the intracellular damage. Therefore, RSV could be a good candidate to act as an antioxidant and promising preventive therapeutic agent in neurodegenerative diseases for personalized medicine.

MicroRNA-124 negatively regulates STAT3 to alleviate hypoxic-ischemic brain damage by inhibiting oxidative stress

“…Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of HIBD, especially given the vulnerability of the newborn brain to hypoxia due to incomplete development. Previous research has indicated that hypoxia-ischemia triggers oxidative stress, leading to increased formation of ROS and decreased antioxidant enzyme SOD activity in the brain, ultimately resulting in brain damage [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Our data revealed a noticeable increase in ROS DCF fluorescence intensity after OGD/R treatment, but this phenomenon was reversed by miR-124 mimics.…”

The effects of MEPaL on oxidative stress and motor function in the rats affected by prenatal hypoxia

“…According to these findings, it can be concluded that increased oxidative stress is a possible mechanism for behavior disorder (movement) caused by hypoxia in newborns. It has been proven in various studies that natural antioxidants can play an effective role in protecting neurons and improving memory and cognitive disorders caused by hypoxia (Auti et al., 2022; Ghotbeddin et al., 2021).…”

Research Progress on Effects of Ginsenoside Rg2 and Rh1 on Nervous System and Related Mechanisms

“…Polyphenols have antioxidant and anti-atherosclerotic properties that inhibit peroxyl radical-induced DNA strand damage, inhibit platelet aggregation, reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, and improve vascular endothelial function [84]. Resveratrol (RSV), a polyphenol compound found in grapes, red wine, mulberries, white flamingos (Veratrum grandiflorum O. Loes), and Polygonum cuspidatum, has been widely studied for its beneficial effects on human health, including neurological protective effects [85,86], cardioprotective [87], and anti-tumor [88]. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HS, Roselle) belongs to the Malvaceae family; the dried flowers of HS are rich in polyphenols and anthocyanin pigments, and have been reported to have anti-hyperlipidemia, antioxidant, anti-anemia, and anti-inflammatory effects.…”