Protective effect of nutmeg aqueous extract against experimentally-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats

Abstract

Background:Nutmeg a well-known spice used as a folk medicine in India to treat stomach ailments. Worldwide it is commonly used for food preservation and fragrance. Abundant references were given for nutmeg in ayurveda, unani, and siddha as a single drug or as an important constituent in formulations.Objective:In the present study, nutmeg aqueous extract (NMAET) was evaluated against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress.Materials and Methods:Antioxidant enzymes, liver functions tests, and lipid profile tests were performed using standard procedures. Histological examination of liver was done by fixing in formaldehyde solution and hematoxylin staining.Results:Oral administration of NMAET effectively inhibited the ISO-induced changes in the activities of hepatic marker and antioxidant enzymes in plasma and heart tissue along with lipid peroxidation levels. The liver sections of ISO administered rats showed massive fatty changes, necrosis, ballooning degeneration, and broad infiltration of the lymphocytes and the loss of cellular boundaries; these changes were completely absent in groups treated with extract. Analysis of variance and Duncan's Multiple Range tests were used to perform statistical analysis.Conclusion:Results suggest that the NMAET possess significant potential as hepatoprotective and antioxidative agent against ISO-induced damage in rats.

Protective effects of myristicin against ulcerative colitis induced by acetic acid in male mice

“…Interestingly, we observed a significant decrease in the colon MDA level, but the activities of the antioxidant enzymes of CAT, SOD, GPx and GR were increased by pretreatment with Myr. These results nicely agreed with the previously reported in vitro free radical scavenging activity of Myr-rich extract from nutmeg (Kareem, Gadhamsetty, Shaik, Prasad, & Kodidhela, 2013), and the same has been proven with pure Myr isolate in in vivo animal model of spinal cord injury (Zhao et al, 2017).…”

Protective effects of patchouli alcohol isolated from Pogostemon cablin on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice

“…Furthermore, tissues may escape ROS-induced toxic damage via ROS scavenging enzymes, including SOD and GPx, which are the first-line cellular defense against oxidative injury (17,56). The equilibrium between these enzymes and ROS is important for the effective removal of oxidative stress from intracellular organelles (57). Superoxide anions are converted to hydrogen peroxide by SOD, which is then metabolized to water by GPx (28).…”

Effect of Myristica fragrans extract on total body composition in cafeteria diet induced obese rats

“…Among the three solvent (petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethanol) extracts, ethanolic extract contained high levels of polyphenols, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids and triterphenoids. Tannins and flavonoid has shown free radical scavenging activity and pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect in animal models of obesity [24,[25]. Based on the potentiality of ethanolic extract, it was chosen for the present study.…”