“…Studies have demonstrated that Galangin can inhibit the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and decrease the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 (Abd El-Aal et al, 2022). Similarly, CI protein, Magnesium Isoglycyrrhizinate, Juglanin, Epicatechin, Morin, Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, Epigallocatechin Gallate, and Polydatin also alleviated neuroinflammation via blocking TLR4/NF-κB signaling (Mohamed et al, 2011;Kuzu et al, 2018;Jiang et al, 2019;Ali et al, 2020;Arafa and Atteia, 2020;Tong et al, 2020;Wei et al, 2022). Additionally, Resveratrol and Ginsenoside Rg1 inhibit inflammatory responses through inhibiting PPARγ/NF-κB signaling pathway (Shi et al, 2018;Shi et al, 2019).…”