Protective effect of edaravone on rat testis after valproic acid treatment

Abstract

Valproic acid (n-dipropyl-acetic acid, VPA) is a medication used as anticonvulsant in the treatment of bipolar disorder, and for migraine prophylaxis. Long-term use of VPA is known to trigger reproductive impairment, which is mediated by elevation of testicular oxidative stress. Edaravone is used in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. It can diffuse into many disease-affected organs, thus shows protective effects in numerous tissues including the heart, lung, and testis. The main goal of the present study was to determine the possible protective role of edaravone against VPA-induced oxidative testicular injury. Male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned into four groups. Control rats; rats given only edaravone (30 mg/kg/day); rats given only VPA (500 mg/kg/day); rats given VPA+edaravone for seven days. Edaravone and VPA were applied intraperitoneally. After eight days, testicular tissues were taken from rats. There was a statistically significant increase in the levels of reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, and DNA contents as well as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-related enzymes, gamma-glutamyl transferase, acid and alkaline phosphatases, lactate dehydrogenase, myeloperoxidase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities in VPA group. More so, advanced oxidized protein products, protein carbonyl, and nitric oxide levels were also significantly increased in VPA group. Activities of glucose-6phosphate dehydrogenase and sodium/potassium ATPase and total antioxidant status levels remarkably decreased in VPA given group. Treatment with edaravone to VPA group significantly reverted these alterations. These findings demonstrate that administration of edaravone has a beneficial effect against testicular injury in VPA-induced oxidative stress.

Reversal of Valproate‐Induced Major Salivary Gland Changes By Moringa Oleifera Extract in Rats

“…[46] In the VM group, NO values in the salivary glands decreased, an indication of the effective role of M. oleifera extract in reducing VA toxicity. This outcome is consistent with previous studies reporting that antioxidant agents such as alpha-lipoic acid [47] and edaravone [48] could reduce the effect of VA. In addition, M.oleifera extract decreased NO levels and other oxidants in muscle, [32] liver [11,49] and kidney tissues.…”

The Effects of Alpha Lipoic Acid on Lens Injury in Rats Administered With Valproic Acid

“…Despite its protective and preventive effects, VPA has been declared to have many serious side effects and this drug has taken the lead in the formation and construction of free radical species which damage many tissues and organs like heart, lung, liver, brain, testis, etc. (5)(6)(7)(8).…”