2008
DOI: 10.1590/s0100-06832008000500027
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Protective effect of divalent cations against aluminum toxicity in soybean

Abstract: SUMMARYA large proportion of soybean fields in Brazil are currently cultivated in the Cerrado region, where the area planted with this crop is growing considerably every year. Soybean cultivation in acid soils is also increasing worldwide. Since the levels of toxic aluminum (Al) in these acid soils is usually high it is important to understand how cations can reduce Al rhizotoxicity in soybean. In the present study we evaluated the ameliorative effect of nine divalent cations (Ca, Mg, Mn, Sr, Sn, Cu, Zn, Co an… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…Simple determination of the exchangeable Al contents in the soil or the total Al in the soil solution is not a sufficient indicator to evaluate the toxicity of this element to plants. To make this evaluation, quantification of the chemical species considered toxic becomes necessary, mainly the labile species of Al, such as Al 3+ , Al(OH) 2+ , and Al(OH) 2 + , as well as non-toxic species, especially the complexes of Al with organic and inorganic molecules that alter the proportion and activity of the toxic forms of Al (Ferro-Vásquez et al, 2014;Hagvall et al, 2015;Nolla et al, 2015) and, furthermore, the elements that can reduce Al toxicity, such as Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ (Silva et al, 2008;Hashimoto et al, 2010;Auxtero et al, 2012). In general, Al 3+ activity, rather than measurements of the soluble or exchangeable forms, is the best indicator of toxicity potential in acid soils (Ferrufino et al, 2000;Spera et al, 2014).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Simple determination of the exchangeable Al contents in the soil or the total Al in the soil solution is not a sufficient indicator to evaluate the toxicity of this element to plants. To make this evaluation, quantification of the chemical species considered toxic becomes necessary, mainly the labile species of Al, such as Al 3+ , Al(OH) 2+ , and Al(OH) 2 + , as well as non-toxic species, especially the complexes of Al with organic and inorganic molecules that alter the proportion and activity of the toxic forms of Al (Ferro-Vásquez et al, 2014;Hagvall et al, 2015;Nolla et al, 2015) and, furthermore, the elements that can reduce Al toxicity, such as Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ (Silva et al, 2008;Hashimoto et al, 2010;Auxtero et al, 2012). In general, Al 3+ activity, rather than measurements of the soluble or exchangeable forms, is the best indicator of toxicity potential in acid soils (Ferrufino et al, 2000;Spera et al, 2014).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On the contrary, the binding of Al 3+ to negative charges and the precipitation of Al in the apoplast may decrease the loading of Mg 2+ ions (Bose et al, 2011). The effect of Mg is ion-specific and is not only associated to an electrostatic protection mechanism (da Silva et al, 2008). Being a cation, K can also potentially decrease Al toxicity.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Em razão dos baixos teores de cálcio (Ca) e magnésio (Mg) nos solos, não só a quantidade aplicada visando à correção é importante, mas também a relação entre esses nutrientes, visto que competem pelos sítios de troca no solo e na absorção pelas raízes (MOREIRA et al, 2003;SILVA et al, 2008).…”
Section: Introductionunclassified