Protection by Ziziphora clinopoides of acetic acid-induced toxic bowel inflammation through reduction of cellular lipid peroxidation and myeloperoxidase activity

Abstract

<jats:p> Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition of the intestine with unknown etiology involving multiple immune, genetic and environmental factors. We were interested in examining the effect of a total extract from Ziziphora clinopoides, an Iranian folk herbal medicine, in the prevention and control of experimental mouse IBD. Z. clinopoides was administered (75, 150, 300 mg/kg) through drinking water to mice, which dispensed a toxic dose of acetic acid intrarectally. Prednisolone was used as the standard drug for comparison. Biochemical, macroscopic and microscopic examinations of the colon were performed. Biochemical evaluation of the inflamed colon was carried out using assays of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) as indicators of free radical activity and cellular lipid peroxidation. </jats:p><jats:p> Results indicated that the activity of MPO and lipid peroxidation products (TBARS) increased in acetic acidtreated groups, while recovered by pretreatment of animals with Z. clinopoides (75-300 mg/kg) and prednisolone. All doses of Z. clinopoides and prednisolonetreated groups showed significant lower score values of macroscopic and microscopic characters when compared to the acetic acid-treated group. The beneficial effect of Z. clinopoides (300 mg/kg) was comparable to that of prednisolone. </jats:p><jats:p> It is concluded that Z. clinopoides inhibits acetic acid toxic reactions in the mouse bowel through inhibition of cellular oxidative stress. Proper clinical investigation should be carried out to confirm the same activity in human. </jats:p>

Molecular evidences on the benefit of N-acetylcysteine in experimental colitis

“…It has been suggested that control of oxidative stress in IBD may attenuate biochemical and histopathological variables of IBD [8][9][10][11]. In this regard, existence of oxidative stress in biological fluids such as saliva [12], plasma [13], and colonic mucosal biopsies [2] of subjects with IBD has been already confirmed.…”

Benefit of nicorandil using an immunologic murine model of experimental colitis

“…Tissue MPO activity, a marker of neutrophil sequestration and infiltration into GI tract, has been used extensively as a biomarker of inflammation [7][8][9]. This marker is stored in some immune cells, such as neutrophils, and is responsible for mediating microbial killing as well as initiation and progression of both acute and chronic inflammatory reactions [48].…”

“…Currently, the use of complementary and alternative therapies is also common in 50% of patients suffering from IBD [6]. Moreover, various herbal extracts [7][8][9][10], N-acetylcysteine (NAC) [11] and probiotics [12][13][14][15] have been suggested for the treatment of IBD, and the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in IBD has been investigated [16,17]. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to reach maximum efficacy and quality of life because of the side effects [18] associated with the treatments described above.…”

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Some Plants Used as Remedies in Turkish Traditional Medicine

“…Consequently, there are numerous studies on the antioxidant potential of Thymus species growing in various regions of the world (Ismaili et al, 2004;Sokmen et al, 2004;Agbor et al, 2005;Ozgen et al, 2006;Vitalini et al, 2006). Recent reports show that various Thymus and several Ziziphora species have antioxidant potential (Ismaili et al, 2004;Sokmen et al, 2004;Agbor et al, 2005;Salehi et al, 2005;Ghafari et al, 2006;Ozgen et al, 2006;Vitalini et al, 2006). As shown in Figures 1 and 7, all extracts of Z. clinopodioides and T. fallax have potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.…”