Protection and Virus Shedding of Falcons Vaccinated against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A Virus (H5N1)

Lierz, Michael; Hafez, Hafez M.; Klopfleisch, Robert; Lüschow, Dörte; Prusas, C.; Teifke, Jens Peter; Rudolf, Miriam; Grund, Christian; Kalthoff, Donata; Mettenleiter, Thomas C.; Beer, Martin; Harder, Timm C.

doi:10.3201/eid1311.070705

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Experimental infection of American Kestrels ( Falco sparverius ) by Hall et al (2009) resulted in severe clinical signs (feather fluffing, ataxia, anorexia, tremors, and weight loss) and euthanasia within 4–5 days of inoculation. These findings are consistent with results obtain from the experimental infection of Gyr-Saker hybrid falcons (Lierz et al, 2007). Oropharyngeal swabs from both Kestrels and hybrid falcons reached peak RNA titers one day post-infection and remained positive for the remainder of both studies while cloacal swabs showed a one day delay, peaking at 3–4 days post-infection (Hall et al, 2009; Lierz et al, 2007).…”

Section: H5n1 Influenza In Wild Bird Speciessupporting

confidence: 93%

“…These findings are consistent with results obtain from the experimental infection of Gyr-Saker hybrid falcons (Lierz et al, 2007). Oropharyngeal swabs from both Kestrels and hybrid falcons reached peak RNA titers one day post-infection and remained positive for the remainder of both studies while cloacal swabs showed a one day delay, peaking at 3–4 days post-infection (Hall et al, 2009; Lierz et al, 2007). Together these studies show raptors are highly susceptible to H5N1 influenza though the natural route of infection and the role of predatory birds in influenza ecology remain unclear.…”

Section: H5n1 Influenza In Wild Bird Speciessupporting

confidence: 93%

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The avian and mammalian host range of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza

Kaplan

Webby

2013

Virus Research

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Highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza viruses have been isolated from a number of avian and mammalian species. Despite intensive control measures the number of human and animal cases continues to increase. A more complete understanding of susceptible species and of contributing environmental and molecular factors is crucial if we are to slow the rate of new cases. H5N1 is currently endemic in domestic poultry in only a handful of countries with sporadic and unpredictable spread to other countries. Close contact of terrestrial bird or mammalian species with infected poultry/waterfowl or their biological products is the major route for interspecies transmission. Intra-species transmission of H5N1 in mammals, including humans, has taken place on a limited scale though it remains to be seen if this will change; recent laboratory studies suggest that it is indeed possible. Here we review the avian and mammalian species that are naturally susceptible to H5N1 infection and the molecular factors associated with its expanded host range.

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Section: H5n1 Influenza In Wild Bird Speciessupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: H5n1 Influenza In Wild Bird Speciessupporting

confidence: 93%

The avian and mammalian host range of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza

Kaplan

Webby

2013

Virus Research

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“…These differences in the distribution of macroscopic and microscopic lesions might be due to different tissue tropism of the viral strains (Kwon et al, 2011). Vaccination using inactivated H5N1-specific vaccines has been shown to prevent clinical signs of disease following experimental HPAIV H5N1 infection (Lierz et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.2.1c in hunting falcons and kept wild birds in Dubai implicate intercontinental virus spread

Naguib

Kinne

Chen

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

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“…H5N1 HPAIVs were also reported to be lethal to other raptor species such as American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) [4], Crested Hawk-eagle (Nisaetus cirrhatus) [22], Eurasian Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) [3], Gyrfalcon-Saker hybrids (Falco rusticolus x Falco cherrug) [1] and Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) [10]. Gyrfalcon-Saker hybrids can also be infected by feeding on infected prey [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incursion and Spread of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses among Wild Birds in 2010–11 Winter in Japan

et al. 2013

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ABSTRACT. Many highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks occurred in Japan during the 2010-11 winter. H5N1 HPAI viruses were isolated from 63 wild birds including migrating and resident birds, and caused HPAI outbreaks in 24 chicken farms by the end of March. In the present study, all virus strains isolated from wild birds in western Japan together with the viruses in the preceding works were phylogenetically and epidemiologically analyzed. Furthermore, the virus distributions in the raptors that died of H5N1 HPAI virus infection were assessed. The virus isolates in Japan were classified into three groups by phylogenic analysis of their hemagglutinins, supporting the previous report (Sakoda et al., 2012). The viruses in each group were continuously isolated in respective limited areas, indicating that viruses were maintained in local bird populations throughout the outbreak periods. Some viruses were genetically closely related to the Korean isolates around the same periods, suggesting that migratory birds were suspected of contributing to transportation of the viruses across the sea. Viruses were recovered from systemic tissues including digestive organs of the deceased raptors, indicating that they were infected with HPAI viruses by their predatory behavior, eating infected birds or carrion in the environment. KEY WORDS: H5N1, influenza virus, Japan, wild bird.

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Protection and Virus Shedding of Falcons Vaccinated against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A Virus (H5N1)

Abstract: Virus shedding by vaccinated birds was markedly reduced.

Cited by 36 publications

References 29 publications

The avian and mammalian host range of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza

The avian and mammalian host range of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza

Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.2.1c in hunting falcons and kept wild birds in Dubai implicate intercontinental virus spread

Incursion and Spread of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses among Wild Birds in 2010–11 Winter in Japan

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