The avian and mammalian host range of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza

Kaplan, Bryan S.; Webby, Richard J.

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2013.09.004

Cited by 56 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…However, to date, no sustained human-to-human transmission has been observed or recorded [1,12,24,92,102]. The evidence and theories which support an influenza A virus to adapt in a mammalian host remain unclear than transition of an influenza A virus from a low pathogenicity to a highly pathogenic form in poultry [39,103].…”

Section: Hpai H5n1 Human Infections and Public Health Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health concerns of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 endemicity in Africa

Fasanmi¹,

Odetokun²,

Balogun³

et al. 2017

Vet World

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Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 was first officially reported in Africa in 2006; thereafter this virus has spread rapidly from Nigeria to 11 other African countries. This study was aimed at utilizing data from confirmed laboratory reports to carry out a qualitative evaluation of the factors responsible for HPAI H5N1 persistence in Africa and the public health implications; and to suggest appropriate control measures. Relevant publications were sought from data banks and repositories of FAO, OIE, WHO, and Google scholars. Substantiated data on HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in poultry in Africa and in humans across the world were mined. HPAI H5N1 affects poultry and human populations, with Egypt having highest human cases (346) globally. Nigeria had a reinfection from 2014 to 2015, with outbreaks in Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Niger, Nigeria, and Burkina Faso throughout 2016 unabated. The persistence of this virus in Africa is attributed to the survivability of HPAIV, ability to evolve other subtypes through genetic reassortment, poor biosecurity compliance at the live bird markets and poultry farms, husbandry methods and multispecies livestock farming, poultry vaccinations, and continuous shedding of HPAIV, transboundary transmission of HPAIV through poultry trades; and transcontinental migratory birds. There is, therefore, the need for African nations to realistically reassess their status, through regular surveillance and be transparent with HPAI H5N1 outbreak data. Also, it is important to have an understanding of HPAIV migration dynamics which will be helpful in epidemiological modeling, disease prevention, control and eradication measures.

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Section: Hpai H5n1 Human Infections and Public Health Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health concerns of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 endemicity in Africa

Fasanmi¹,

Odetokun²,

Balogun³

et al. 2017

Vet World

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“…Type A influenza viruses were classified into subtypes based on their two surface glycoproteins into 18 haemagglutinin (HA) HA1-HA18 and 11 neuraminidase (NA) NA1-NA11 subtypes (Tong et al, 2012;. Sixteen HA (H1-H16) and nine NA (N1-N9) subtypes have been isolated from wild birds particularly aquatic, which are the major natural reservoir (Kaplan & Webby, 2013;Urbaniak, 2014) while subtypes H17N10 and H18N11 have recently been detected in bats, representing the entire pool of influenza A viruses known (Tong et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of AIV subtype H9 among poultry with respiratory signs in Iraq

Kraidi¹,

Langeroudi²,

Madadgar³

et al. 2017

BJVM

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The H9N2 avian influenza A viruses (AIV) have been recorded in Eurasia for several years. In this study, the prevalence of the circulated H9 subtype in the poultry population in middle and south of Iraq provinces was studied during a period from September 2014 to June 2015. Samples were collected from one hundred broiler flocks with respiratory signs from seven provinces. The detection and identification of virus were carried out by using highly sensitive method, Taqman Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, which has been increasingly used for detecting avian pathogens in recent years. The prevalence of H9 subtype in 16% of the infected flocks was reported, and the results revealed that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the prevalence rate of H9 subtype among broiler flocks in Al-Basra, Al-Qadisyia and An-Najaf provinces (14.28%, 20% and 23.80%, respectively) as compared to other provinces, while An-Najaf province had the highest prevalence rate (23.80%) among all other provinces. The H9 subtype has been recorded for the first time in broiler flocks of Al-Basra and Wasit with lower prevalence rate in Wasit (10%). The prevalence of the H9 virus infection in the winter (75%) was higher than that in summer (25%). Since the provinces are in the vicinity of the Iran, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait with H9 infection records, results of this study indicate circulation of AIV between these countries and in the larger scale, Middle East. This can be very important due to the presence of migratory birds coming from Russia and China and stay in winter months in the marshes of Al-Basra and consequently, AIV transportation to the other parts of the world.

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“…The interspecies transmission of IAV is a complex process resulting from many interactions between the virus and the host. Thus, both viral and host factors determine the disease severity, the course of infection and its outcome (Cheung et al, 2002;Seo et al, 2002Seo et al, , 2004Webster, 2006;Wong and Yuen, 2006;Sandrock and Kelly, 2007;Chandrasekaran et al, 2008;Blazejewska et al, 2011;Boivin et al, 2011;Gabriel et al, 2011;Schmolke et al, 2011;Horby et al, 2012;Imai and Kawaoka, 2012;Kaplan and Webby, 2013;Gabriel et al, 2013). There are however only limited studies on the interaction of avian IAV with the human immune system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-neutralizing antibody response of mice to consecutive infection with human and avian influenza A viruses

Janulíková¹,

Stropkovská²,

Bobišová³

et al. 2015

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Summary. -In this work we simulated in a mouse model a naturally occurring situation of humans, who overcame an infection with epidemic strains of influenza A, and were subsequently exposed to avian influenza A viruses (IAV). The antibody response to avian IAV in mice previously infected with human IAV was analyzed. We used two avian IAV (A/Duck/Czechoslovakia/1956 (H4N6) and the attenuated virus rA/Viet Nam/1203-2004 (H5N1)) as well as two human IAV isolates (virus A/Mississippi/1/1985 (H3N2) of medium virulence and A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1) of high virulence). Two repeated doses of IAV of H4 or of H5 virus elicited virus-specific neutralizing antibodies in mice. Exposure of animals previously infected with human IAV (of H3 or H1 subtype) to IAV of H4 subtype led to the production of antibodies neutralizing H4 virus in a level comparable with the level of antibodies against the human IAV used for primary infection. In contrast, no measurable levels of virus-neutralizing (VN) antibodies specific to H5 virus were detected in mice infected with H5 virus following a previous infection with human IAV. In both cases the secondary infection with avian IAV led to a significant increase of the titer of VN antibodies specific to the corresponding human virus used for primary infection. Moreover, cross-reactive HA2-specific antibodies were also induced by sequential infection. By virtue of these results we suggest that the differences in the ability of avian IAV to induce specific antibodies inhibiting virus replication after previous infection of mice with human viruses can have an impact on the interspecies transmission and spread of avian IAV in the human population.Keywords: avian influenza A viruses; sequential influenza A infection; antibody response; virus-neutralizing antibodies; HA2-specific antibodies; original antigenic sin * Corresponding author. E-mail: viruevar@savba.sk; phone: +421-2-59302427. Abbreviations: HA = hemagglutinin; IAV = influenza A virus; MAb = monoclonal antibody; OAS = original antigenic sin; VN = virus-neutralizing

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The avian and mammalian host range of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza

Cited by 56 publications

References 87 publications

Public health concerns of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 endemicity in Africa

Public health concerns of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 endemicity in Africa

Prevalence of AIV subtype H9 among poultry with respiratory signs in Iraq

Virus-neutralizing antibody response of mice to consecutive infection with human and avian influenza A viruses

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