Protection against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by Spirulina in rats

Mohan, Iyyapu Krishna; Khan, Mahmood; Shobha, J. C.; Naidu, M. U. R.; Prayag, Aruna; Kuppusamy, Periannan; Kutala, Vijay Kumar

doi:10.1007/s00280-006-0231-8

Cited by 126 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…These data are corroborated by previous studies reported by other investigators on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. [9,20,34,35] Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity has been shown to be dose-related in both animals and humans. Prolonged weekly injections in rats cause tubular atrophy of cortical nephrons, cystic dilation of inner cortical or medullary tubules, and chronic renal failure due to tubulointerstitial nephritis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Vitamin C on Cisplatin-Induced Renal Damage: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study

2008

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The present study was performed to investigate whether the chronic administration of antioxidant vitamin C provided morphological protection on cisplatin-induced renal damage. Wistar albino male rats were divided into control and two experiment groups, each consisting of six rats. Cisplatin (5 mg/kg/ month) was administered intravenously to the second and third group for three months. After the first application of cisplatin, vitamin C (8 mg/kg/day) to the third group was administered intramuscular for 3 months. At the end of the third month, the kidney specimens of the all groups were obtained. All of these kidney specimens were processed for light and electron microscopical examination. In the second group, most of the renal corpuscle lost their normal appearance and size, especially in the corticomedullary region. The most obvious changes were encountered in the proximal tubules. These changes were tubular dilation, thickening of basement membrane, loss of brush border, vacuolization, and swollenness of mitochondria in the proximal tubule epithelial cells. In addition, infiltration foci were observed mainly in the cortical region. In the third group, which was administered cisplatin plus vitamin C, although the structural damages and morphometric changes were lessened, mononuclear cell infiltration was still observed. This study suggests that the chronic administration of vitamin C may be of therapeutic benefit on cisplatin nephrotoxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Vitamin C on Cisplatin-Induced Renal Damage: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study

2008

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“…The microscopic scoring of sections was carried out by a histopathology laboratory technician and histologist. Evaluations of the liver were of hepatocellular degeneration, cell swelling, mononuclear cell infiltration, vascular congestion, and sinusoidal dilatation, according to Mohan et al [25]. Kidney evaluations were of tubular necrosis, dilatation of Bowman's capsule, medullar congestion, and the dilatation of collective tubules for kidney [25].…”

Section: Histological Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evaluations of the liver were of hepatocellular degeneration, cell swelling, mononuclear cell infiltration, vascular congestion, and sinusoidal dilatation, according to Mohan et al [25]. Kidney evaluations were of tubular necrosis, dilatation of Bowman's capsule, medullar congestion, and the dilatation of collective tubules for kidney [25]. This scale has composed to A = weak in ≤ 25% of tissue; B = mild in ≥ 25 -≤ 50% of tissue; C = moderate in ≤ 75% of tissue; and D = very strong in ≥ 75-100% of tissue.…”

Section: Histological Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of L-carnitine against cisplatin-induced liver and kidney oxidant injury in rats

et al. 2009

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AbstractThe present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of L-carnitine (LC) on changes in the levels of lipid peroxidation and endogenous antioxidants induced by cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II, CDDP) in the liver and kidney tissues of rats. Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats were equally divided into four groups of six rats each: control, cisplatin, L-carnitine, and L-carnitine plus cisplatin. The degree of protection produced by L-carnitine was evaluated by determining the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). The activity of glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were estimated from liver and kidney homogenates, and the liver and kidney were histologically examined as well. L-carnitine elicited significant liver and kidney protective activity by decreasing the level of lipid peroxidation (MDA) and elevating the activity of GSH, GSHPx, GST, and SOD. Furthermore, these biochemical observations were supported by histological findings. In conclusion, the present study indicates a significant role for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their relation to liver and kidney dysfunction, and points to the therapeutic potential of LC in CDDP-induced liver and kidney toxicity.

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“…Moreover, in addition to ω-3 and ω-6-polyunsaturated fatty acids, it has also phytocyanin and other phytochemicals (Chamorro et al, 2002). Some Spirulina species exhibit antibacterial (Ozdemir et al, 2004), antiplatelet (Hsiao et al, 2005), antihepatoxic (Mohan et al, 2006) and antiviral activities (HernandezCorona et al, 2002). Spirulina as many other cyanobacteria species have the potential to produce a large number of antimicrobial substances, so they are considered as suitable candidates for exploitation as biocontrol agents of plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi (Kulik, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt stress enhancement of antioxidant and antiviral efficiency of Spirulina platensis

Shalaby¹,

Shanab²,

Singh³

2010

J. Med. Plants Res.

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Cultivation of Spirulina platensis under salt stress conditions (0.02 M as control), 0.04 and 0.08 M NaCl led to a remarkable alteration of algal metabolism as well as an enhancement or induction of biologically active compounds. Concerning algal growth, salt stress caused a decrease in dry weight, chlorophyll a content as well as certain xanthophylls (neoxanthin and violaxanthin) while β-carotene production was stimulated especially at higher salt concentrations. Biochemical analysis of salt stressed algal revealed that lipid content was slightly increased together with certain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids especially the polyunsaturated ones (γ-inolenic acid, omega 3 fatty acid). Electrophoretic analysis of soluble protein pointed out that certain high molecular weight protein bands were not detected comparing with the protein marker. Five new protein bands of molecular weights 190, 158, 113, 77 and 28 KDa were recorded, in addition to an increase in the intensity of 6 already existing bands. Phosphate buffer and water extracts of the algal exhibited antiviral activities against both Hepatitis-A-virus-type-MBB (HAV-MBB strain, RNA virus) and Herpes simplex-virus-type-1 (HSV-1, DNA virus). Water extracts were found to be more effective than phosphate buffer extracts in inducing antiviral activities (98%) especially against HSV-1 virus. The same water extract of the salt stressed algal demonstrated higher anticoagulating activity compared with those of heparin and the positive control measured by clotting time assay. Antioxidant activity of the algal successive extracts against 2, 2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis (ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical methods revealed moderate antioxidant activity of the non-polar algal extracts (petroleum ether) which were doubled with increasing extract concentration. The lowest activity was recorded by the partially polar (ethyl acetate) algal extract of both concentrations at all salinity levels. While the polar extracts (ethanol and water) showed higher antioxidant activities which were doubled with increasing extract concentration. Ethanolic algal extract (100 µg/ ml at 0.08 M NaCl) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity compared with those of the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxy anisol as standard (85.0, 89.9 and 86.0, 91.8% respectively).Key words: Spirulina platensis, antioxidant-antivirus, biochemical studies, salt stress. INTRODUCTIONMany cyanobacteria and micro algae were considered as a natural source of various biologically and pharmacologically active compounds with structurally complex molecules which are difficult or impossible to be *Corresponding author. E-mail: dremad2009@yahoo.com.produced by chemical synthesis (Smith and Doan, 1999). Genus Spirulina has gained an importance and international demand for its high phytonutrients value and pigments which have applications in healthy foods, animal feed, therapeutics and diagnostics (Becker, 1994;Vonshak and Tomaselli, 2000). Spirulina has been used as food and nutritional ...

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Protection against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by Spirulina in rats

Abstract: In summary, Spirulina significantly protected the CP-induced nephrotoxicity through its antioxidant properties.

Cited by 126 publications

References 45 publications

Protective Effects of Vitamin C on Cisplatin-Induced Renal Damage: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study

Protective Effects of Vitamin C on Cisplatin-Induced Renal Damage: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study

Protective effect of L-carnitine against cisplatin-induced liver and kidney oxidant injury in rats

Salt stress enhancement of antioxidant and antiviral efficiency of Spirulina platensis

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