Prosthodontic Applications of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA): An Update

Zafar, Muhammad Sohail

doi:10.3390/polym12102299

Cited by 323 publications

(327 citation statements)

References 254 publications

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“…Biofilms protect the underlying microbes from antibiotics and host defense mechanisms and, thus, may lead to serious infections. Moreover, the antimicrobial properties of nanomaterials may be used to prevent microbial contaminations that cause food spoilage, the spread of foodborne diseases, and bio-fouling of materials [ 29 , 63 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of our investigations was the synthesis of a (PMMA + TOCs) composite characterized by very high surface antimicrobial activity. PMMA is an important material, which, due to sufficient mechanical properties and minimal inflammatory response, is used in different fields of our lives—inter alia, in dentistry [ 29 ]. An important direction of the research related to the use of PMMA-based materials is their modification aimed to improving their antimicrobial activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important direction of the research related to the use of PMMA-based materials is their modification aimed to improving their antimicrobial activity. This effect can be achieved by the addition of inorganic agents such as silver nanoparticles, titanium dioxide, a mixture of titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide nanoparticles, and anion powder (Na 2 SiO 3 ) [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. In this paper, the results of the modification of the PMMA films by the introduction of TOC micro-grains are discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxo-Titanium(IV) Complex/Polymer Composites—Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity Test

Piszczek

Kubiak

Golińska

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The emergence of a large number of bacterial strains resistant to many drugs or disinfectants currently used contributed to the search of new, more effective antimicrobial agents. In the presented paper, we assessed the microbiocidal activity of tri- and tetranuclear oxo-titanium(IV) complexes (TOCs), which were dispersed in the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix. The TOCs were synthesized in reaction to Ti(OR)4 (R = iPr, iBu) and HO2CR’ (R’ = 4-PhNH2 and 4-PhOH) in a 4:1 molar ratio at room temperature and in Ar atmosphere. The structure of isolated oxo-complexes was confirmed by IR and Raman spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activity of the produced composites (PMMA + TOCs) was estimated against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and S. aureus ATCC 25923) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and E. coli ATCC 25922) bacteria and yeasts of Candida albicans ATCC 10231. All produced composites showed biocidal activity against the bacteria. Composites containing {Ti4O2} cores and the {Ti3O} core stabilized by the 4-hydroxybenzoic ligand showed also high activity against yeasts. The results of investigations carried out suggest that produced (PMMA + TOCs) composites, due to their microbiocidal activity, could find an application in the elimination of microbial contaminations in various fields of our lives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxo-Titanium(IV) Complex/Polymer Composites—Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity Test

Piszczek

Kubiak

Golińska

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…These features make it suitable for medical applications that require permanent and mechanically stable structures. PMMA is commonly used in dentistry as dental cements to produce artificial teeth, orthodontic retainers, dentures, denture bases, obturators, temporary or provisional crowns and repair dental prostheses [ 2 , 3 ]. It is also applied for implant fixation in various orthopedic and trauma surgeries [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoplastic Polymers with Nanosilver Addition—Microstructural, Surface and Mechanical Evaluation during a 36-Month Deionized Water Incubation Period

Ziąbka

Dziadek

2021

Materials

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Three types of thermoplastic polymers, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polymethyl methacrylate acrylic (PMMA) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE), were enriched with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of 0.5 wt.% and 1.0 wt.%, respectively. The polymers and the composites were manufactured via injection molding. Regarding the potential of these polymers as matrices for long-term use as biomaterials, the aim of this study was to examine their stability in the in vitro conditions during a three-year incubation period in deionized water. In this work, microstructural observations were performed, and mechanical properties were assessed. Surface parameters, such as roughness and contact angle, were comprehensively investigated. The microstructural evaluation showed that the silver additive was homogeneously dispersed in all the examined matrices. The 36-month immersion period indicated no microstructural changes and proved the composites’ stability. The mechanical tests confirmed that the composites retained comparable mechanical properties after the silver incorporation. The Young’s modulus and tensile strength increased during long-term incubation. The addition of silver nanoparticles did not alter the composites’ roughness. The contact angle increased with the rising AgNP content. It was also shown that the materials’ roughness increased with the incubation time, especially for the ABS- and HDPE-based materials. The water environment conditions improved the wettability of the tested materials. However, the silver nanoparticles’ content resulted in the contact angle decreasing during incubation. The conducted studies confirmed that the mechanical properties of all the polymers and composites did not deteriorate; thus, the materials may be considered stable and applicable for long-term working periods in aqueous environments.

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“…The dimethacrylate resin component of the polymer matrix of the FRC polymerizes to a highly cross-linked component [ 26 ], and its high cross-linking density results in the insufficient adhesion of the resin luting cement to the FRC. In the semi-IPN structure with PMMA, the presence of PMMA enables the dissolution of the PMMA surface [ 27 , 28 ]. It is worth noting that the bond strength values in this study were obtained by testing the tensile strength, not by the so-called shear bond strength test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Adhesion of a Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network-Based Fiber-Reinforced Composite with a High and Low-Gradient Poly(methyl methacrylate) Resin Surface

et al. 2021

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The research aimed to determine the tensile bond strength (TBS) between polymerized intact and ground fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) surfaces. FRC prepregs (a reinforcing fiber pre-impregnated with a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) resin system; everStick C&B) were divided into two groups: intact FRCs (with a highly PMMA-enriched surface) and ground FRCs (with a low PMMA gradient). Each FRC group was treated with: StickRESIN and G-Multi PRIMER. These groups were further divided into four subgroups based on the application time of the treatment agents: 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 min. Next, a resin luting cement was applied to the FRC substrates on the top of the photo-polymerized treating agent. Thereafter, weight loss, surface microhardness, and TBS were evaluated. Three-factor analysis of variance (p ≤ 0.05) revealed significant differences in the TBS among the FRC groups. The highest TBS was recorded for the intact FRC surface treated with G-Multi PRIMER for 2 min (13.0 ± 1.2 MPa). The monomers and solvents of G-Multi PRIMER showed a time-dependent relationship between treatment time and TBS. They could diffuse into the FRC surface that has a higher PMMA gradient, further resulting in a high TBS between the FRC and resin luting cement.

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Prosthodontic Applications of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA): An Update

Cited by 323 publications

References 254 publications

Oxo-Titanium(IV) Complex/Polymer Composites—Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity Test

Oxo-Titanium(IV) Complex/Polymer Composites—Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity Test

Thermoplastic Polymers with Nanosilver Addition—Microstructural, Surface and Mechanical Evaluation during a 36-Month Deionized Water Incubation Period

Interfacial Adhesion of a Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network-Based Fiber-Reinforced Composite with a High and Low-Gradient Poly(methyl methacrylate) Resin Surface

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