Prospects for the use of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate with osteoarthritis associated with pathology of the kidneys and urinary system

Abstract

Introduction. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine sulfate (GS), widely used as chondroprotectors, can maintain the normal functioning of the urinary system but their effect has not been analyzed systematically.Aim: to perform a systematic analysis of the possibilities of using CS and GS in patients with pathology of the kidneys and urinary system.Materials and methods. Predictive analysis of 2,093 publications on the interactions of CS/GS with the functioning of the kidneys and other organs of the urinary system found at the request “(urinary OR bladder OR kidney) AND (glucosamine OR chondroitin)” by methods of the theory of topological data analysis.Results. Disorders of cholesterol and glucosamine metabolism are characteristic of cystitis, glomerular nephritis, urinary tract infections (UTIs), urolithiasis, proteinuria, and formation of diabetic nephropathy. In addition to inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cascade NF-kB, CS/GS contribute to eliminating the deficiency of glycosaminoglycans in the pathology of urothelium, inhibit urolithiasis, inhibit the synthesis of pro-inflammatory nitric oxide NO in macrophages, and modulate O-glycosylation processes.Conclusion. The results of fundamental and clinical studies show that subsidies of CS/GS substances of pharmacological quality per os and CS instillation in the bladder (in particular, in combination with hyaluronic acid) are the means of choice for patients suffering from osteoarthritis and diseases of the urinary system. Highly purified pharmacological CS substances are part of the preparation Chondroguard.

Future of Chondroprotectors in the Treatment of Degenerative Processes of Connective Tissue

“…The mass composition of the fins of whales (saivals and finials) has 1.7%, the bones—30.2%, the sperm whale fins have a mass of about 2%, and the mass of collagen-containing raw material of spermaceti organ of the sperm whale is about 8% of the carcass weight, which is about 2.5 t on average [ 43 ].…”

“…Porous collagen films and sponges from collagen-containing raw materials of whales were successfully tested in the burn center of the A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, shoes were made from the skin of whales, the skins of sharks and other fish were used to make various leather products, the skins of sea lions and other marine mammals were used to obtaining valuable fur [ 43 ].…”

“…Chondroitin sulfate is one of the most important main components of connective tissue, is part of the bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and in many respects provides a mechanical function of the joint, in particular resistance to compression [ 1 , 2 , 20 , 43 ].…”

“…Among the drugs with chondroprotective action, created based on modified HA (MHA), proteinogenic and antioxidant amino acids. Release form: in syringes of 2.0 mL concentration of MHA makes 1.5%; in 5.0 mL vials, the concentration of MHA was 0.8% [ 1 , 2 , 20 , 43 ].…”