Prospects for Broader Cultivation and Commercialization of Copafam, a Local Variety ofPhaseolus coccineusL., in the Brescia Pre-Alps

Abstract

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The Analysis of Italian Plant Agrobiodiversity Databases Reveals That Hilly and Sub-Mountain Areas Are Hotspots of Herbaceous Landraces

“…), rye (Secale cereale), potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), and barley (Hordeum spp.) [48,[61][62][63]. As shown by this study, most of the landraces that are part of the Fabaceae family are cultivated in hilly and sub-mountain areas and 70% are beans (Figure 8).…”

“…Furthermore, the inventory of the Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont.) can be considered the most complete for the Alpine center-eastern area [30,[46][47][48][49].…”

“…Lombardy, despite being a region characterized by industrialized agriculture in the plains (Po Plain in particular), has preserved many Poaceae, Solanaceae, and Fabaceae thanks to the presence of traditional mountain varieties of Zea mays, Solanum tuberosum, and Phaseolus spp. [30,48,49]. For example, the maize landraces "Spinato di Gandino", "Rostrato Rosso di Rovetta", "Scagliolo di Carenno", "Nero Spinoso", and "Mais delle Fiorine" are good examples of agro-ecotypes of flint maize for "polenta" production developed over the centuries [56].…”

“…As can be observed in the map in Figure 5, some areas (Apennines of Molise, Abruzzo, Campania, and Calabria, the Central Apennines of Tuscany, Umbria, and Emilia-Romagna, and Central Eastern Alps on the border between Lombardy and Trentino-Alto-Adige) can be considered "hotspots" of herbaceous landraces and this may be linked to an anthropical explanation, such as the existence of research and inventory initiatives (as already explained for the case of the VNR catalogue [41] or CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont. [30,[46][47][48][49]56] or due to the existence of particularly active farmers' associations). Agricultural and environmental conditions obviously also contributed to this phenomenon.…”

Complementarity in Phenolic Compounds and the Antioxidant Activities of Phaseolus coccineus L. and P. vulgaris L. Landraces

“…P. vulgaris is one of the most documented species of the genus Phaseolus in regard to grain composition, including its polyphenol profile [6]; phenols, flavonoids, and carotenes content, as well as their antioxidant activity [7,8,9]; and antinutritional agents, such as trypsin, tannins and lectins [10]. In the case of P. coccineus , the concentration of phenolic acids [11], proximal analysis and mineral content have been determined [12,13]. In specific cases, it was observed that the content and composition of P. vulgaris grains differ from those of P. coccineus.…”