Prospective Assessment of Cannabis Withdrawal in Adolescents With Cannabis Dependence: A Pilot Study

Milin, Robert; Manion, Ian; Dare, Glenda J.; Walker, Selena

doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e31815cdd73

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The increasing-decreasing course of CWS and the dominance of psychological withdrawal symptoms such as craving, restlessness, nervousness, irritability and sleeplessness are quite consistent across studies, regardless of whether retrospective or prospective in design, whether in inpatient or outpatient settings, whether with adult or adolescent populations (Budney et al, 2004;Arendt et al, 2007;Milin et al, 2008;Vandrey et al, 2008;Levin et al, 2010;Allsop et al, 2011). However, two inpatient studies on CWS found no increase of the CWS after admission (Preuss et al, 2010;Lee et al, 2014).…”

Section: Course and Characteristics Of The Cwsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Abstinence phenomena of chronic cannabis-addicts prospectively monitored during controlled inpatient detoxification: Cannabis withdrawal syndrome and its correlation with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and -metabolites in serum

Bonnet

Specka

Stratmann

et al. 2014

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Course and Characteristics Of The Cwsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Abstinence phenomena of chronic cannabis-addicts prospectively monitored during controlled inpatient detoxification: Cannabis withdrawal syndrome and its correlation with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and -metabolites in serum

Bonnet

Specka

Stratmann

et al. 2014

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Moreover, these symptoms are more severe during the first week after withdrawal [64,65]. Several groups are currently trying to elucidate whether marijuana/cannabis withdrawal symptoms should be included in future revisions of the Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and/or in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) [66,64]. Meanwhile, new findings have demonstrated that marijuana/ cannabis withdrawal is related to alterations in brain activity (i.e., lower activity in the right and dorsolateral prefrontal regions and right occipital cortex) and spatial working memory [67].…”

Section: Cannabinoid/opioid Withdrawal Tole-rance and The Mesolimbimentioning

confidence: 96%

“…For example, irritability, restlessness, anxiety, thoughts of and cravings for marijuana/ cannabis, decreased quality and quantity of sleep, and decreased food intake characterize marijuana/cannabis withdrawal. Moreover, these symptoms are more severe during the first week after withdrawal [64,65]. Several groups are currently trying to elucidate whether marijuana/cannabis withdrawal symptoms should be included in future revisions of the Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and/or in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) [66,64].…”

Section: Cannabinoid/opioid Withdrawal Tole-rance and The Mesolimbimentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Interactions between Endogenous Cannabinoid and Opioid Systems: Focus on Alcohol, Genetics and Drug-Addicted Behaviors

López-Moreno¹,

López-Jiménez²,

Gorriti³

et al. 2010

CDT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although the first studies regarding the endogenous opioid system and addiction were published during the 1940s, addiction and cannabinoids were not addressed until the 1970s. Currently, the number of opioid addiction studies indexed in PubMed-Medline is 16 times greater than the number of cannabinoid addiction reports. More recently, functional interactions have been demonstrated between the endogenous cannabinoid and opioid systems. For example, the cannabinoid brain receptor type 1 (CB1) and mu opioid receptor type 1 (MOR1) co-localize in the same presynaptic nerve terminals and signal through a common receptor-mediated G-protein pathway. Here, we review a great variety of behavioral models of drug addiction and alcohol-related behaviors. We also include data providing clear evidence that activation of the cannabinoid and opioid endogenous systems via WIN 55,512-2 (0.4-10 mg/kg) and morphine (1.0-10 mg/kg), respectively, produces similar levels of relapse to alcohol in operant alcohol self-administration tasks. Finally, we discuss genetic studies that reveal significant associations between polymorphisms in MOR1 and CB1 receptors and drug addiction. For example, the SNP A118G, which changes the amino acid aspartate to asparagine in the MOR1 gene, is highly associated with altered opioid system function. The presence of a microsatellite polymorphism of an (AAT)n triplet near the CB1 gene is associated with drug addiction phenotypes. But, studies exploring haplotypes with regard to both systems, however, are lacking.

show abstract

“…Conversely, ethnicity, polysubstance use, concurrent tobacco cessation, family history of substance use, and certain genetic polymorphisms were shown to moderate cannabis withdrawal (Agrawal et al, 2008; Ehlers et al, 2010; Gizer et al, 2013; Haughey, Marshall, Schacht, Louis, & Hutchison, 2008; Preuss et al, 2010; Vandrey et al, 2008). The most common symptoms of withdrawal can be clustered into symptoms of weakness or symptoms of anxiety and depression (Hasin et al, 2008), with restlessness, appetite change, irritability, sleep problems and craving being most severe (Milin, Manion, Dare, & Walker, 2008; Vandrey et al, 2008; Allsop, Norberg, Copeland, Fu & Budney, 2011). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Cannabis Withdrawal and Its Influence on Adolescents' Treatment Response and Outcomes

Greene

Kelly

2014

Journal of Addiction Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Withdrawal, a diagnostic indicator of cannabis use disorder, is often minimized or ignored as a consequence of cannabis use, particularly among adolescents. This study aims to characterize cannabis withdrawal among adolescents in outpatient treatment for substance use disorder and evaluate the clinical significance of withdrawal as a predictor of substance-related outcomes. Methods Adolescent outpatients (N=127) reporting cannabis as their drug of choice (n=90) were stratified by presence of withdrawal and compared on demographic and clinical variables at treatment intake. Hierarchical linear models compared the effect of withdrawal on percent days abstinent (PDA) and related outcomes over a 1-year follow-up period. Results Adolescents reporting withdrawal (40%) were more likely to meet criteria for cannabis dependence, have higher levels of substance use severity, report more substance-related consequences, and have a mood disorder. Withdrawal was not associated with PDA over the follow-up period; however, this relationship was moderated by problem recognition such that adolescents reporting withdrawal and a drug problem improved at a greater rate with respect to PDA than those that didn’t recognize a problem with drugs and didn’t report withdrawal. Discussion Withdrawal is common among adolescent outpatients and is associated with a more clinically severe profile. In this sample, all adolescents reporting withdrawal met criteria for cannabis dependence, suggesting that withdrawal is a highly specific indicator of cannabis use disorder. While withdrawal doesn’t appear to be independently associated with substance use outcomes post-treatment, moderating factors such as drug problem recognition should be taken into account when formulating treatment and continuing care plans.

show abstract

Prospective Assessment of Cannabis Withdrawal in Adolescents With Cannabis Dependence: A Pilot Study

Cited by 48 publications

References 24 publications

Abstinence phenomena of chronic cannabis-addicts prospectively monitored during controlled inpatient detoxification: Cannabis withdrawal syndrome and its correlation with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and -metabolites in serum

Abstinence phenomena of chronic cannabis-addicts prospectively monitored during controlled inpatient detoxification: Cannabis withdrawal syndrome and its correlation with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and -metabolites in serum

Functional Interactions between Endogenous Cannabinoid and Opioid Systems: Focus on Alcohol, Genetics and Drug-Addicted Behaviors

The Prevalence of Cannabis Withdrawal and Its Influence on Adolescents' Treatment Response and Outcomes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About