Prospective analysis of the major risk factors and vascular status in students during the period of education at a medical university

Aim. Rationale of the individual typological approach in the analysis of the body function of medical students.Material and methods. In students with moderate (Group I) and high (II Group) dominance of central regulation, with moderate (III Group) and high (IV Group) predominance of autonomous regulation, a comparative analysis of heart rate variability parameters, the functional state of the myocardium and the central nervous system was carried out.Results. We found that 53,3% of group III students had no deviations in myocardial function. There were the maximum values of nervous response stability (2,0 [1,5-2,3] units) and functional capability of the nervous system (3,3, [2,7-3,5] units) relative to students of other groups, as well as the formation of normal and slightly reduced mental performance (93,6%), satisfactory biological adaptation (33,3%). In group II students, relative to group III students, there were an increase in the "myocardium" index by 1,2 times, "rhythm" index by 1,8-1,9 times, T wave alternans by 1,3 times and myocardial electrical instability by 2 times, as well as a decrease in nervous system stability by 2,5 times, its functionality by 1,7 times, the formation of reduced performance (55,6%) and unsatisfactory biological adaptation (35,2%). In group IV students, the functional state was characterized by heart rhythm dysregulation (94,1%), borderline myocardial function deviations (76,5%), and a 1,7-fold decrease in nervous reaction stability and 1,3-fold decrease functional capability of the nervous system relative to group III students, reduced performance (38,5%) and unsatisfactory biological adaptation (58,8%).Conclusion. Differentiation of students depending on the individual typological characteristics of the autonomic heart rate regulation makes it possible to identify students at risk with a pronounced dominance of autonomous and central heart rate regulation, which becomes the starting point for the implementation of differentiated methods of wellness education.

show abstract

Hemodynamic Parameters in Students with Different Thresholds of Salt Sensitivity and Type of Autonomic Tone: An Observational Cohort Study

Chastoyedova

2023

Kuban. nauсh. med. vestnik

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Hemodynamic parameters are interrelated with both the threshold of salt sensitivity and the type of initial autonomic tone. Available data on such relationships are insufficient. Objective — to identify the hemodynamic parameters and features in students with different thresholds of salt sensitivity and types of autonomic tone.Methods. The study enrolled 174 second-year students of Kirov State Medical University, aged 18–23, who gave consent to the survey. The study was conducted over a period of four months and included two stages. At the first stage, all participants were evaluated for the threshold of salt sensitivity. According to the results, two groups were formed: group A — students with a normal threshold of salt sensitivity (n = 127); group B — students with a high threshold of salt sensitivity (n = 39). In the formed groups, a comparative analysis of hemodynamic parameters was carried out. At the second stage of the study, after assessing the initial autonomic tone, three groups were identified: group 1 (n = 40) — students with equilibrium of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems (normotension); group 2 (n = 104) — students with dominating parasympathetic regulation of the heart rhythm (vagotonia); group 3 (n = 22) — students with dominating sympathetic regulation of the heart rhythm (sympathicotonia). Hemodynamic parameters were also studied in these groups. Statistical data processing was carried out using Statistica Advanced 10 for Windows RU. The differences between the comparison groups were assessed using parametric Student’s t-test and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test.Results. A high threshold of salt sensitivity was revealed in 23% of students. When comparing hemodynamic parameters in the groups, it was found that students with high thresholds of salt sensitivity had significantly higher values of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and average hemodynamic pressure than students with a low threshold. Differences in hemodynamics in students may be caused by differences in the original autonomic tone. Thus, students with vagotonia, if compared to those with normotension, have significantly lower values of heart rate, cardiac minute output, double product, and circulatory efficiency ratio, but a higher value of the peripheral vascular resistance. Students with sympathicotonia have statistically higher heart rate, cardiac minute output, and double product values.Conclusion. The assessment of hemodynamic parameters in healthy young people in relation to the threshold of salt sensitivity and the initial autonomic tone enables the risk factors for the development of hypertension to be assessed, prehypertension (high normal blood pressure) to be identified, and preventive programs aimed at reducing the number of diseases of the cardiovascular system to be developed.

show abstract

Prospective analysis of the major risk factors and vascular status in students during the period of education at a medical university

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Early Vascular Aging in Young Adults Is Instrumental as the Screening Tool to Combat CVD Epidemics in the Population

Early Vascular Aging in Young Adults Is Instrumental as the Screening Tool to Combat CVD Epidemics in the Population

Individual typological approach to the analysis of the body function of medical students

Hemodynamic Parameters in Students with Different Thresholds of Salt Sensitivity and Type of Autonomic Tone: An Observational Cohort Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About