Prospection of Effects of Guava Leaves Infusion: Antigenotoxic Action and Enzymatic Inhibition

Abstract

Several forms of Psidium guajava L. (guava) leaf preparations have been widely used for prevention and treatment of illnesses. However, researches about the protective action of guava's natural products on the genetic material of animal cells is scarce. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antigenotoxic potential of infusions of guava leaves from three cultivars (Pedro Sato, Paluma and Roxa) against DNA damage induced by Doxorubicin (DXR) in human leukocytes, and their effects on enzymatic inhibition. To assess the antigenotoxic potential of these infusions, a comet assay (single cell electrophoresis) was conducted. In addition, their inhibitory potential on phospholipase and hemolytic activities was assessed. The evaluated infusion volumes (25, 50 and 300µL) presented inhibitions around 75% of the DXR-induced damage frequencies. Their protective effect was demonstrated by arbitrary unit calculations, with values between 52.51 and 66.60 for all treatments, 250.51 for positive control (DXR), and 45.49 for phosphate buffered saline (negative control). The infusions significantly inhibited phospholipase and hemolytic activities induced by Bothrops alternatus and B. moojeni venoms, with inhibitions ≥ 50% for both activities induced by B. alternatus. The infusions of P. guajava from the cultivars analyzed present antigenotoxic potential, but also demonstrate potential of enzymatic inhibition on A 2 phospholipases and proteases.

Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC extracts acting as enzyme modulators: digestion, inflammation, and hemostasis

“…Cesar et al (43) demonstrated the absence of DNA fragmentation in human leukocytes, using the aqueous extracts of different cultivars from Psidium guajava, even when evaluated at a high concentration (300 μL mL -1 ). In addition, nucleoids treated with these extracts decreased by 75% the frequency of DNA damage (induced by doxorubicin), demonstrating their antigenotoxic potential.…”

“…Semina: Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Londrina, v. 43, n. 1, p. 101-118, jan./jun. 2022 to cure digestive and inflammatory issues.…”