Proprioceptive Function in Children With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Yekutiel, Matar; Robin, Gordon C.; Yarom, R.

doi:10.1097/00007632-198111000-00006

Cited by 60 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…in general, increased activity of the paraspinal muscles at the convex side of the apex (or a decrease at the concave side) was observed in most studies on the ftmction of trunk muscles in AIS (AvIKAINEN et al, 1999;GRAM and HASAN, 1999;HOPF et al, 1998;MOONEY et al, 2000;ODERMATT et al, 2002;REUBER et al, 1983;ZETTERBERG et al, 1983). Alterations of muscle spindle function have also been observed (YEKUTIEL et al, 1981). Although these alterations are, more probably, consecutive to the deformity (HOPF et al, 1998;LOWE et al, 2000;REUBER et al, 1983;ZETTERBERG et al, 1983;, controversies still exist about the implication of neuromuscular factors in the aetiology, pathogenesis and pathomechanics of AIS (KHOSLA et al, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromyogram and kinematic analysis of lateral bending in idiopathic scoliosis patients

Feipel¹,

Aubin

Ciolofan

et al. 2002

Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.

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In adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), surgical planning currently relies on spinal flexibility evaluation using lateral bending radiographs. The aim was to evaluate the feasibility of non-invasive dynamic analysis of trunk kinematics and muscle activity in patients with AIS before surgical correction. During various lateral trunk bending tasks, erector spinae (18 sites) and abdominal (four sites) muscle activity was sampled using surface electrodes in ten AIS patients and in ten controls. Simultaneously, the spatial displacements of infrared emitting diodes located on the trunk were sampled. Parameters considered were the heterolateral-to-homolateral root-mean-square EMG ratios R at each site and total lateral bending and thoracic and lumbar curvature angle courses. Main alterations concerned apical muscle activity during left bending tasks. ANOVA results showed a significant effect of side (p = 2.1 x 10(-9)), EMG recording site (p = 1.9 x 10(-16)), pathology (p = 3.9 x 10(-16)) and task (p = 2.2 x 10(-11)) on R ratios. The R ratio at T10 and L1 for a simple lateral bending task during left bending averaged 4.8 (SD 4.3) and 3.0 (SD 3.1) in AIS patients, and 2.3 (SD 2.8) and 1.3 (SD 0.4) in controls (p = 6.4 x 10(-4) and 2.5 x 10(-3), LSD post hoc). This preliminary study allowed the development of a functional, non-invasive, non-irradiating dynamic tool for pre-operative evaluation in AIS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromyogram and kinematic analysis of lateral bending in idiopathic scoliosis patients

Feipel¹,

Aubin

Ciolofan

et al. 2002

Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.

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“…12,20 Some clinical findings point to disorders in the integration of sensory afferences, especially proprioceptives, as causing scoliosis. 2,17,22 Paraspinal muscle imbalance and defects in the control of the postural tone and equilibrium may act as a trigger mechanism. 16,21 Cadaver studies have suggested that failure of the spinal cord to rotate with the vertebrae and consequent traction on the nerve roots, leading to degeneration of the dorsal root ganglion cells, may induce progression of idiopathic scoliosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scoliosis Induced by Medullary Damage: An Experimental Study in Rabbits

Barrios¹,

Tuñón²,

Salis³

et al. 1987

Spine

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To date, there have been no reports of experiments designed to induce scoliosis by direct damage of different areas of the spinal cord. In a series of rabbits with medullary damage, the authors attempted selectively to interrupt the pathways that mediate proprioceptive input. Unilateral lesion of the dorsal column and posterior horn of the spinal cord was performed using three different techniques: coagulation with laser, stereotaxic microcoagulation, and longitudinal electrocoagulation. Of 32 operated rabbits, 17 developed scoliosis, exhibiting clear pathologic damage of the spinal cord. Electrophysiologic study, including EMG and analysis of the tonic -vibratory reflex, was performed on 10 rabbits with medullary damage (scoliotic and nonscoliotic) and 12 matched controls. The data suggest disturbance of the sensory afferences that control the postural tone and consequent muscular imbalance, expressed as reduced activity in the muscles of the convex side. This work supports the view that loss of proprioceptive neural impulses caused by medullary damage can induce scoliosis.

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“…Proprioceptive input from joints, ligaments and tendons has been recognised as an integral contribution to the body's postural equilibrium Guyton, 1976). Defects in the muscle spindle system and tone in the spinal muscles have been implicated in scoliosis (Barrack et al, 1984;Hoogmartens & Basmajian, 1976;Low et al, 1978;, Whitecloud et al, 1984Yekutiel et al, 1981). Neural pathways involving visual, vestibular and proprioceptive afferents all have discrete interconnections in the brainstem.…”

Section: Neuromuscular Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%