Proprioceptive course control in Millipedes (Schizophyllum sabulosum)

Bürger, Matthias

doi:10.1007/bf00297979

Cited by 142 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is possible that route-referent information is acquired in a related, but inverted, manner: The execution of a directed turn (toward the route) may be the source of this information. The role of 0 (initial route-referent orientation) as a determinant of 0 r (route-referent reorientation) may be compared with the general ability of arthropods to compensate for a forced turn with a reverse turn when allowed to do so, in order to maintain a course (Akre, 1964;Wilson and Hoy, 1968;Burger, 1971;Schiller, 1975a and b).…”

Section: The Mechanism Of Route-referent Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation by jumping spiders of the genus Phidippus (Araneae: Salticidae) during the pursuit of prey

Hill

1979

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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1. Jumping spiders of the genus Phidippus tend to occupy waiting positions on plants during the day. From such reconnaissance positions, the spiders often utilize an indirect route of access (detour) to attain a position from which sighted prey (the primary objective of pursuit) can be captured. 2. Selection of an appropriate route of access is based upon movement toward a visually determined secondary objective (part of a plant) which may provide access to the prey position (Fig. 2, Table 1). 3. During pursuit, the spider retains a memory of the relative position of the prey at all times. This memory of prey position is frequently expressed in the form of a reorientation turn to face the expected position of the prey (Fig. 1). Each reorientation can be considered to initiate a new segment of the pursuit. 4. Phidippus employ the immediate direction (or route) of pursuit as a reference direction, for the determination of prey position (Figs. 3 and 4). The spider compensates for its own movement in determining the direction of the prey from a new position (Fig. 5). 5. The spider retains a memory of the prey direction with reference to gravity (Fig. 6); this memory of the inclination of prey direction can take precedence over conflicting information based upon the use of the route as a reference direction (Figs. 7 and 8). 6. Visual cues provided by both the background and the immediate plant configuration can be used by the spider to determine a (radial) direction in the plane perpendicular to the route of pursuit (Fig. 9, Table 2). 7. The jumping spider must employ at least two independent reference systems (route direction, gravity, visual cues) in concert to determine the position of the prey in space (Fig. 10 and Table 3, Fig. 11). 8. Apart from the context of predatory pursuit, the indirect pursuit of visually determined objectives is a general feature of the movement of salticid spiders upon vegetation.

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Section: The Mechanism Of Route-referent Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation by jumping spiders of the genus Phidippus (Araneae: Salticidae) during the pursuit of prey

Hill

1979

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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“…This use of the term counterturning differs from another use of it which is derived from the German Gegenwendung (Burger, 1971 ;Gorner, 1973;Schone, 1980, p. 325) and is synonymous with correcting behaviour and several other English terms (Dingle, 1965 et ante; see also Kennedy, 1978, and. This refers to a causal sequence of two turns only.…”

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confidence: 97%

Zigzagging and casting as a programmed response to wind‐borne odour: a review

Kennedy

1983

Physiological Entomology

258

211

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Counterturning' (meaning here the execution of a succession of alternating left and right turns) is the common feature in upwind zigzagging and cross-wind casting by flying insects manoeuvring towards a small source of windborne odour. Recent progress in understanding its control and function is discussed. Counterturning is internally controlled ('self-steered') in the limited sense that, once initiated by a chemical stimulus, it continues without further changes in the chemical input both in clean air and in a homogeneous cloud of odour. As a reaction it appears to be the kind of chemotaxis distinguished as longitudinal klinotaxis, for which the stimulus is a difference of chemical concentration detected over time along the insect's path, not across it. The new directions taken in response to the stimulus, being self-steered in the above sense, have no necessary relation to the direction of the chemical gradient that provided the stimulus but are influenced by the visual cues generated by wind drift. In wind, the countertuming programme is modulated by changes in the chemical input and simultaneously integrated with anemotaxis, but it can then continue in similar form after the wind has ceased. Unambiguous evidence for these conclusions is so far available only for certain flying male moths responding to sex pheromone. The primary function of countertuming, of all amplitudes and in both zigzagging and casting, appears to be the regaining of contact with an elusive scent.

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“…bending of their body and show a compensatory turn after exiting the tube (Burger, 1971;Hughes, 1989). Similar correcting turns are also shown by animals which use path integration with the help of idiothetic memory.…”

Section: Turning Preference After Traversing a Coiled Tubementioning

confidence: 99%

Innate turning preference of leaf-cutting ants in the absence of external orientation cues

Endlein

Sitti

2018

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Most ants use a combination of cues for orientation but how do ants ﬁnd their way when all external cues are suppressed? Do they walk in a random way or are their movements spatially oriented? Here, we show for the ﬁrst time that leaf-cutting ants () have an innate preference for turning counter-clockwise (left) when external cues are precluded. We demonstrated this by allowing individual ants to run freely on the water surface of a newly developed treadmill. The surface tension supported medium-sized workers but effectively prevented ants from reaching the wall of the vessel, which was important to avoid wall-following behaviour (thigmotaxis). Most ants ran for minutes on the spot but also slowly turned counter-clockwise in the absence of visual cues. Reconstructing the effective path walked revealed a looping pattern which could be interpreted as a search strategy. A similar turning bias was shown for groups of ants in a symmetrical Y-maze where twice as many ants chose the left branch in the absence of optical cues. Wall-following behaviour was tested by inserting a coiled tube before the Y-fork. When ants traversed a left-coiled tube, more ants chose the left box and vice versa. Adding visual cues in the form of vertical black strips either outside the treadmill or on one branch of the Y-maze led to oriented walks towards the strips. It is suggested that both turning bias and wall following are employed as search strategies for an unknown environment which can be overridden by visual cues.

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Proprioceptive course control in Millipedes (Schizophyllum sabulosum)

Cited by 142 publications

References 29 publications

Orientation by jumping spiders of the genus Phidippus (Araneae: Salticidae) during the pursuit of prey

Orientation by jumping spiders of the genus Phidippus (Araneae: Salticidae) during the pursuit of prey

Zigzagging and casting as a programmed response to wind‐borne odour: a review

Innate turning preference of leaf-cutting ants in the absence of external orientation cues

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