Propranolol Treatment for Childhood Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Acute Type

Famularo, Richard

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1988.02150110122036

Cited by 268 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…38 In addition to antidepressants, only one study with propranolol showed favorable results in children with PTSD. 39 …”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transtornos ansiosos na infância e adolescência: aspectos clínicos e neurobiológicos

Asbahr

2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objective: This article reviews the clinical and epidemiological aspects of anxiety disorders in youngsters, as well as current medical and psychological treatment strategies. The role of the neurobiological models possibly involved in the etiology of these disorders is also discussed.Sources of data: MEDLINE search of papers published in English from 1981 to 2003. The following key words were used: anxiety disorders, neurobiology, childhood, adolescence.Summary of the findings: Childhood-onset anxiety disorders are among the most frequent psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents. Epidemiological data estimate a prevalence of 10% in this population. The neurobiological models involved in the etiology of anxiety disorders in youngsters are closely related to neuroimaging studies with individuals presenting these pathologies. The role of the amygdala in the pathophysiology of these disorders is underscored. To be effective, treatment must combine several interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral, family, and, frequently, drug treatments.Conclusions: Early identification and prompt treatment of anxiety disorders may prevent negative consequences, such as school absenteeism and frequent and unnecessary visits to pediatric services due to somatic complaints related to anxiety disorders. Moreover, it is possible that psychiatric problems could be avoided or attenuated in adulthood.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2004;80(2 Suppl):S28-S34: Anxiety disorders, childhood, adolescence, neurobiology, psychopharmacology, cognitive-behavioral therapy.

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“…38 In addition to antidepressants, only one study with propranolol showed favorable results in children with PTSD. 39 …”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transtornos ansiosos na infância e adolescência: aspectos clínicos e neurobiológicos

Asbahr

2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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“…Guanfacine was reported to be effective in reducing nightmares in a single case study (44). Propranolol significantly reduced intrusion and arousal symptoms over 5 weeks in 8 of 11 abused children with PTSD (45).…”

Section: Pharmacotherapymentioning

confidence: 92%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children

Eth¹,

Pynoos²

2017

The SAGE Encyclopedia of Marriage, Family, and Couples Counseling

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In the past ten years, there has been increasing recognition that children who have been exposed to traumatic events can, like traumaexposed adults, develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) first appeared in the DSM-III in 1980. The impetus for the development of this diagnostic category arose primarily from the need to account for the characteristic array of symptoms displayed by Vietnam veterans in the United States, and as such PTSD was conceptualized around traumatized adults. However, since that time there has been increasing recognition that children, too, can develop severe and debilitating reactions to traumatization.Studies indicate that children can develop PTSD after exposure to a range of traumatic stressors, including violent crime, sexual abuse, natural disasters, and war. Where relatively standardized assessment methods have been used, the incidence of PTSD among child survivors of specific disasters ranges from 30 to 60% (1,2). As yet there are no epidemiological studies of the prevalence of PTSD among children in the general population; however, community studies in the United States have consistently indicated that around 40% of high school students have experienced some form of domestic or community violence, and between 3 and 6% have PTSD (3,4).High rates of trauma exposure and evidence of PTSD among child populations suggest that mental health practitioners worldwide need to be able to recognize those posttraumatic reactions in children that require intervention, and offer timeous and effective treatments. This is particularly critical given the substantial challenges that post-traumatic stress poses to the healthy physical, cognitive and emotional development of children and adolescents (5). DIAGNOSIS AND ASSESSMENTThe DSM-IV-TR describes three symptom clusters in PTSD: persistent re-experiencing of the trauma (e.g., intrusive memories and flashback experiences, often triggered by exposure to traumatic reminders, and recurring traumarelated nightmares); avoidance of traumatic reminders (including places, people, and conversations) and a general numbing of emotional responsiveness; and chronic physiological hyperarousal, including sleep disturbances, poor concentration, and hypervigilance to threat. The DSM notes that, in children, re-experiencing may occur through repetitive play involving trauma-related themes, rather than through memories, and nightmares may have generalized, rather than trauma-specific, content. Following a traumatic experience, it is normal and expectable for children and adults to exhibit some intrusive, avoidance and hyperarousal symptoms, which remit spontaneously within a few days or weeks. In order to meet the PTSD diagnosis, at least one re-experiencing symptom, three avoidance/numbing symptoms and two hyperarousal symptoms should be present for at least one month, and must cause significant distress or functional impairment. When symptom duration is less than one month, a diagnosis of acute stress disorder (ASD) is made.

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“…Propranolol is a centrally-acting, long-chain β-blocker that is used primarily for hypertension, and has been used off-label for the treatment of situational anxiety, such a stage fright or performance anxiety. Famularo et al 18) demonstrated reductions in PTSD symptoms, and observed that propranolol was well tolerated. However, there are significant reasons for cautions when viewing Famularo et al's findings.…”

Section: Propranololmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pharmacologic Considerations for Youth with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Keeshin

2017

J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Propranolol Treatment for Childhood Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Acute Type

Cited by 268 publications

References 19 publications

Transtornos ansiosos na infância e adolescência: aspectos clínicos e neurobiológicos

Transtornos ansiosos na infância e adolescência: aspectos clínicos e neurobiológicos

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children

Pharmacologic Considerations for Youth with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

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