Proposing blends for improving the cold flow properties of ethylic biodiesel

Magalhães, Ana M.S.; Pereira, Ericsem; Meirelles, Antônio J. A.; Máximo, Guilherme J.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.04.129

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, cold weather can affect the performance of engines because the crystallization of high melting saturated fatty acid methyl esters may lead to the plugging of filters and tubes [14,15]. Generally, the cloud point (CP), the cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and the pour point (PP) are the classical cold flow properties of biodiesel [16]. In fact, it has been well-established that a higher amount of saturated esters increases the CP and PP of biodiesel [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Biodiesel Mixture Derived from Waste Frying-Corn, Frying-Canola-Corn and Canola-Corn Cooking Oils with Various ‎Ages on Physicochemical Properties

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Waste frying, corn and canola cooking oil biodiesels were produced through the transesterification ‎process and their properties were measured. Three different mixtures of biodiesel with the same blending ratio, namely, WCME1 (frying-corn biodiesel), WCME2 (frying-canola-corn biodiesel) and WCME3 (canola-corn biodiesel), were prepared. The effect ‎of ‎blending ‎biodiesel with various ages ‎‎(zero months (WCME3), eight months (WCME1), and 30 months (WCME2)) on kinematic ‎viscosity and‎ density was investigated under varying temperature and volume fraction. It was found that the kinematic viscosity of WCME2 remained within the ranges listed in ASTM D445 (‎1.9–6.0‎ mm2/s) and EN-14214‎ (‎3.5–5.0‎ mm2/s) at 30 months. It was also observed that both viscosity and density decreased as the temperature increased for each fuel sample. In order to improve the cold flow properties of the samples, the Computer-Aided ‎Cooling Curve Analysis (CACCA) technique was used to explore the crystallization/melting ‎profiles of ‎pure ‎methyl biodiesel as ‎well their blends. The results show that pure WCME2 has the lowest cold flow properties compared to other samples. Furthermore, 10 ‎correlations ‎were developed, tested and compared with generalized ‎correlations for the ‎estimation of the ‎viscosity and densities of pure biodiesels and their ‎blends. These equations depend on the temperature and volume fraction of pure components as well as the properties of the fuel.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Biodiesel Mixture Derived from Waste Frying-Corn, Frying-Canola-Corn and Canola-Corn Cooking Oils with Various ‎Ages on Physicochemical Properties

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The CFPP of FAME is usually higher than that of n‐alkanes. Therefore, when components with different CFPP interact, the CFPP temperature of the B20 system will decreases (Magalhães et al, 2019). However, because the structure of PPD is more similar to n‐alkanes and has better compatibility with diesel, PPD preferentially co‐crystallizes with diesel components to form small crystals, and the remaining FAME with high CFPP is likely to self‐polymerize into larger crystals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, at the same temperature, the wax crystals produced by PPDC‐FAPE7 (4:1) are less than PPDC‐DMP (4:1) and are more dispersed, thereby proving that the former has a lower CFPP than the latter. PAE were selected as wax dispersants because of their highly polar functional groups brought by the two carbonyl groups; accordingly, they achieved surface‐active properties and good oil solubility (Magalhães et al, 2019). In addition, FAPE have larger volume and polarity due to methoxy bonds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pour Point Depressants Combined with Dispersants on the Cold Flow Properties of Biodiesel‐Diesel Blends

Wang

Xue

et al. 2021

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Poor cold flow property is a major issue that hinders the application of biodiesel‐diesel blends. In this work, a series of methacrylate‐benzyl methacrylate‐N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone terpolymers (RMC‐MB‐NVP, R = C12, C14, C16, C18) was synthesized and used as the pour point depressants (PPD) for waste cooking oil biodiesel blends. To further improve their depressive effects, dispersants, including Tween (40, 60, and 80), Span (40, 60, and 80), phthalic acid esters (PAE), and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (FAPE; FAPE 5, FAPE 7, and FAPE 9), were optimized and combined with the C14MC‐MB‐NVP terpolymers. The effects of C14MC‐MB‐NVP terpolymers and combined PPD (PPDC) on the cloud point (CP), cold filter‐plugging point (CFPP), and pour point (PP) of biodiesel blends were studied. Here, results showed that the presence of dispersants can efficiently enhance the solubility and dispersibility of polymeric PPD in biodiesel blends; thus, the PPDC presents better depressive effects. Among them, C16MC‐MB‐NVP (5:1:1) combined with FAPE 7 dispersant at 4:1 mass ratio (PPDC‐FAPE 7) showed the best synergistic effect, and the CP, CFPP, and PP of B20 treated with 2000 ppm PPDC‐FAPE 7 decreased by 4, 10, and 19 °C, respectively. Moreover, differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscope, and rheological analyses were performed to rationalize the action mechanism of these PPD and dispersants in biodiesel blends.

show abstract

“…The cold flow of properties of biodiesel can be improved in a variety of ways. Winterization (Dunn et al, 1996), mixing additives (pour point depressant) (Chiu et al, 2004;Kumar and Singh, 2020), blending with diesel fuels (Magalhães et al, 2019), using branched-chain esters (Lee et al, 1995), blending with vegetable oils of lower crystallization temperature (Foglia et al, 1997), etc. are the more commonly used processes to improve the lower temperature flow properties of the fuel.…”

Section: Approaches To Improve the Cold Flow Properties Of Biodieselmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mini Review on the Cold Flow Properties of Biodiesel and its Blends

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biodiesels are renewable fuel that may be produced from various feedstock using different techniques. It is endorsed in some countries of the world as a viable substitute to diesel fuel. While biodiesel possesses numerous benefits, the cold flow properties (CFP) of biodiesel in comparison with petro-diesel are significantly less satisfactory. This is due to the presence of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid esters. The poor CFP of biodiesel subsequently affects performance in cold weather and damages the engine fuel system, as well as chokes the fuel filter, fuel inlet lines, and injector nozzle. Previously, attempts were made to minimize the damaging impact of bad cold flow through the reduction of pour point, cloud point, and the cold filter plugging point of biodiesel. This study is focused on the biodiesel CFP-related mechanisms and highlights the factors that initialize and pace the crystallization process. This review indicates that the CFP of biodiesel fuel can be improved by utilizing different techniques. Winterisation of some biodiesel has been shown to improve CFP significantly. Additives such as polymethyl acrylate improved CFP by 3-9 ° C. However, it is recommended that improvement methods in terms of fuel properties and efficiency should be carefully studied and tested before being implemented in industrial applications as this might impact biodiesel yield, cetane number, etc.

show abstract

Proposing blends for improving the cold flow properties of ethylic biodiesel

Cited by 31 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Biodiesel Mixture Derived from Waste Frying-Corn, Frying-Canola-Corn and Canola-Corn Cooking Oils with Various ‎Ages on Physicochemical Properties

Effect of Biodiesel Mixture Derived from Waste Frying-Corn, Frying-Canola-Corn and Canola-Corn Cooking Oils with Various ‎Ages on Physicochemical Properties

Effect of Pour Point Depressants Combined with Dispersants on the Cold Flow Properties of Biodiesel‐Diesel Blends

A Mini Review on the Cold Flow Properties of Biodiesel and its Blends

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About