Proposal for a breakfast quality index for brazilian population: Rationale and application in the Brazilian National Dietary Survey

Pereira, Jaqueline Lopes; Castro, Michelle Alessandra de; Hopkins, Sinead; Gugger, Carolyn; Fisberg, Regina Mara; Fisberg, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.12.023

Cited by 22 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…A study that evaluated the sodium consumption by 22,279 Brazilians showed that the mean sodium consumption at breakfast was 422 mg, similar to the results found in our study (436.5 mg of sodium) [69]. The same authors created the “breakfast quality index” for the Brazilian population, and they considered the following as sodium parameters for breakfast: low (398 mg), medium (427 mg), and high (464 mg).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The same authors created the “breakfast quality index” for the Brazilian population, and they considered the following as sodium parameters for breakfast: low (398 mg), medium (427 mg), and high (464 mg). Since the DRI for sodium is considered based on daily consumption, if breakfast represents 20% of the daily intake, the maximum sodium maximum should be 460 mg, a limit similar to the one proposed by Lopes Pereira et al [69] as high sodium consumption. In this sense, the low-income participants in our study seem to consume an amount of sodium during breakfast similar to the general Brazilian population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional Quality of Breakfast Consumed by the Low-Income Population in Brazil: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

et al. 2019

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Objective: This study aimed to characterize the nutritional quality of breakfast consumed by the low-income Brazilian population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 1547 low-income individuals attending 36 Community Restaurants (CRs) in Brazil. Food consumption was analyzed by the frequency of food groups presented in the 24 h recall for three days. The nutritional consumption consisted of the analysis of the total energetic value (TEV) and the macronutrients, fibers, monounsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, calcium, and sodium. The nutrients were evaluated considering the percentage of contribution concerning the daily recommendation of consumption. Results: Among the 4641 breakfasts expected to be consumed and reported, 17.2% (n = 797) of the consumers did not consume breakfast. Therefore, we analyzed the 3844 breakfasts. The analysis of food groups showed a high consumption of dairy and cereals, and low consumption of fruits, roots/tubers, and meat/eggs. The percentages of energy contribution of the macronutrients in the TEV were adequate for a balanced diet. The mean intake of monounsaturated fatty acids was low, and the contribution percentages of saturated fatty acids and trans fatty acids were within the recommendations. The mean fiber intake of the breakfast was low, agreeing with the result of low fruit consumption. Calcium intake covered 73.49% of that expected for this meal, and sodium intake was adequate in breakfast. Conclusion: The individuals studied consumed a nutritionally balanced breakfast. Although dairy was one of the most consumed groups, calcium consumption was low, indicating the need to consume higher portions of food sources of this nutrient.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Quality of Breakfast Consumed by the Low-Income Population in Brazil: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

et al. 2019

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“…However, in both cases, the nutritional guidelines are (a) adapted from the general dietary guidelines for the population which are then applied to children’s recommended energy intakes; (b) do not relate the food-based advice to any nutritional origins and (c) fail to provide any detailed examination of the role of micronutrients in breakfast other than a bland recommendation that their intake should meet 20% of the RDA. In addition, several breakfast quality indexes have been proposed at national level [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. These usually follow very closely diet guidelines by focusing on food groups and some nutrients, without taking into account actual intakes at breakfast.…”

Section: Existing Recommendations On Breakfast Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breakfast in Human Nutrition: The International Breakfast Research Initiative

et al. 2018

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Breakfast is often referred to as the most important meal of the day and in recent years has been implicated in weight control, cardio-metabolic risk factors and cognitive performance although, at present, the literature remains inconclusive as to the precise health benefits of breakfast. There are extensive reports of breakfast’s contributions to daily food and nutrient intakes, as well as many studies that have compared daily food and nutrient intakes by breakfast consumers and skippers. However, significant variation exists in the definitions of breakfast and breakfast skippers, and in methods used to relate breakfast nutrient intakes to overall diet quality. The present review describes a novel and harmonised approach to the study of the nutritional impact of breakfast through The International Breakfast research Initiative involving national dietary survey data from Canada, Denmark, France, Spain, the UK and the USA. It is anticipated that the analysis of such data along harmonised lines, will allow the project to achieve its primary goal of exploring approaches to defining optimal breakfast food and nutrient intakes. Such data will be of value to public health nutrition policy-makers and food manufacturers and will also allow consistent messaging to help consumers to optimize food choices at breakfast.

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“…This item was first proposed by by Monteagudo et al [36] based on data collected with an FFQ. Subsequently, other authors [1,60] have proposed slight modifications of this index to adapt it to other groups in which dietary information have been collected with 24 h recalls or food recalls. This index is composed of 10 items that value food groups (4 items), and energy and nutrients (6 items) of public health concern.…”

Section: Breakfast Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] scoring 1 point the item "to have a ratio between monounsaturated to saturated fatty acids ratio (MUFA: SFA) ≥ 2:1"; and secondly, and taking into account that our sample has a wide age range and that the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are very different at each age, we have adopted the criterion of Pereira et al [60], which positively score this item when it exceeds 20% of the RDA. The mean intake from the two 24 h recall/food records was considered for scoring energy and nutrient items, except for "to consume olive oil" (+1 point was scored if at least one of the two days was consumed), and "not to consume butter or margarine" (+1 was scored if neither day was consumed).…”

Section: Breakfast Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Breakfast Habits of a Representative Sample of the Spanish Child and Adolescent Population (The ENALIA Study): Association with Diet Quality

et al. 2020

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The association between breakfast quality and total diet quality of children and adolescents ((1–17.9 years (n = 1570)) from the National Dietary Survey on the Child and Adolescent Population in Spain (ENALIA) was analyzed. Dietary information was collected using two non–consecutive one–day food diaries (1–10 years old) or two 24 h dietary recalls (>10 years). Breakfast quality index (BQI) and a variant of Nutrient Rich Foods index (NRF9.3) were calculated to assess the total diet quality. Children and adolescents who had breakfast on at least one day (n = 1561) were divided into two groups according to BQI: Worse Quality Breakfast (WQB) (BQI < 4 points (P66), n = 781) and Good Quality Breakfast (GQB) (BQI ≥ 4, n = 780). Younger children and those whose parents have university education presented higher BQI. GQB group had significantly higher intakes of micronutrients (vitamins A, D, C, B1, B2, B6, niacin, folate, calcium, potassium, magnesium). Fewer GQB children exceeded the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for fat and had folate and calcium intakes below their estimated average requirement. Daily NRF9.3 was 496.2 ± 54.0, being higher in GQB (503.8 ± 50.6 vs. 488.6 ± 56.2, p < 0.001). Increasing the quality of breakfast increased the possibility of having a NRF9.3 higher than P50 (OR: 1.893, CI: 1.549–2.315, p < 0.0001). Breakfasts have room for quality improvement in a high percentage of children. A higher quality breakfast is associated with a benefit in the quality of the total diet.

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Proposal for a breakfast quality index for brazilian population: Rationale and application in the Brazilian National Dietary Survey

Cited by 22 publications

References 51 publications

Nutritional Quality of Breakfast Consumed by the Low-Income Population in Brazil: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

Nutritional Quality of Breakfast Consumed by the Low-Income Population in Brazil: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

Breakfast in Human Nutrition: The International Breakfast Research Initiative

Breakfast Habits of a Representative Sample of the Spanish Child and Adolescent Population (The ENALIA Study): Association with Diet Quality

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