Proposal for 4‐to‐2 optical encoder based on photonic crystals

Mehdizadeh, Farhad; Soroosh, Mohammad; Alipour-Banaei, Hamed

doi:10.1049/iet-opt.2016.0022

Cited by 137 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Thus, waveguides in a PhC can be created by removing one or more rows of dielectric rods. PhC-based structures are excellent choices for designing many types of optical devices such as optical filters [3][4][5][6][7][8], PhC fibers [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], multiplexers and demultiplexers [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], encoders and decoders [27][28][29][30], switches [31][32][33][34][35][36], logic gates [37][38][39][40][41][42], analog to digital converters (ADCs) [43][44][45][46][47][48][49], and sensors [50]…”

Section: Photonic Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel All-Optical Sensor Design Based on a Tunable Resonant Nanocavity in Photonic Crystal Microstructure Applicable in MEMS Accelerometers

et al. 2020

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In view of the large scientific and technical interest in the MEMS accelerometer sensor and the limitations of capacitive, resistive piezo, and piezoelectric methods, we focus on the measurement of the seismic mass displacement using a novel design of the all-optical sensor (AOS). The proposed AOS consists of two waveguides and a ring resonator in a two-dimensional rod-based photonic crystal (PhC) microstructure, and a holder which connects the central rod of a nanocavity to a proof mass. The photonic band structure of the AOS is calculated with the plane-wave expansion approach for TE and TM polarization modes, and the light wave propagation inside the sensor is analyzed by solving Maxwell’s equations using the finite-difference time-domain method. The results of our simulations demonstrate that the fundamental PhC has a free spectral range of about 730 nm covering the optical communication wavelength-bands. Simulations also show that the AOS has the resonant peak of 0.8 at 1.644µm, quality factor of 3288, full width at half maximum of 0.5nm, and figure of merit of 0.97. Furthermore, for the maximum 200nm nanocavity displacements in the x- or y-direction, the resonant wavelengths shift to 1.618µm and 1.547µm, respectively. We also calculate all characteristics of the nanocavity displacement in positive and negative directions of the x-axis and y-axis. The small area of 104.35 µm2 and short propagation time of the AOS make it an interesting sensor for various applications, especially in the vehicle navigation systems and aviation safety tools.

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Section: Photonic Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel All-Optical Sensor Design Based on a Tunable Resonant Nanocavity in Photonic Crystal Microstructure Applicable in MEMS Accelerometers

et al. 2020

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“…PCs are structures composed of periodic layers with different dielectric constants and demonstrate useful characteristics such as photonic band gap (PBG) [3], slow light regime [5][6][7], and self-collimation [8][9][10][11]. Because of their compact size and the aforementioned properties, they are promising candidates in realizing all-optical devices such as optical waveguides [10][11][12], filters [13][14][15][16][17][18], demultiplexers [19][20][21][22][23][24][25], switches [26][27][28][29][30], logic gates [31][32][33][34][35][36], encoders [37][38][39][40][41][42], decoders [43][44][45][46][47][48], and analog-to-digital converters …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-Optical Ultra-Fast Graphene-Photonic Crystal Switch

et al. 2019

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In this paper, an all-optical photonic crystal-based switch containing a graphene resonant ring has been presented. The structure has been composed of 15 × 15 silicon rods for a fundamental lattice. Then, a resonant ring including 9 thick silicon rods and 24 graphene-SiO2 rods was placed between two waveguides. The thick rods with a radius of 0.41a in the form of a 3 × 3 lattice were placed at the center of the ring. Graphene-SiO2 rods with a radius of 0.2a were assumed around the thick rods. These rods were made of the graphene monolayers which were separated by SiO2 disks. The size of the structure was about 70 µm2 that was more compact than other works. Furthermore, the rise and fall times were obtained by 0.3 ps and 0.4 ps, respectively, which were less than other reports. Besides, the amount of the contrast ratio (the difference between the margin values for logics 1 and 0) for the proposed structure was calculated by about 82%. The correct switching operation, compactness, and ultra-fast response, as well as the high contrast ratio, make the presented switch for optical integrated circuits.

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“…They prepare a proper medium to control the flow of light. Due to their attractive effects, including the photonic bandgap (PBG) [5], scalability [6], slow light mode [7], and self-collimation [8], many attempts have been made for designing photonic crystal-based devices, such as decoders [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], encoders [17][18][19], analog-to-digital converters [20][21][22], adders [23][24][25], and flip-flops [26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Performance of 2-To-4 Optical Decoders Based on Photonic Crystal Structures

2019

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In this study, a novel, two-dimensional photonic crystal-based structure for the 2-to-4 optical decoder is presented. The structure consists of 23 rows and 14 columns of chalcogenide rods that are arranged in a square lattice with a spatial periodicity of 530 nm. The bias and the optical signals are guided toward the main waveguide through the three waveguides. Two unequal powers are applied to the input ports to approach the different intensities proportional to four working states into the main waveguide. Four cavities including the nonlinear rods are in response to drop the optical waves toward the output ports. To calculate the band diagram and the spatial distribution of the electric and magnetic fields, the plane wave expansion and the finite difference time domain methods have been used. The delay time of the designed structure is obtained around 220 fs, which is less than one for the previous structures. Furthermore, the gap between the margins for logic 0 and 1 is equal to 83%, which is higher than one for other works. Besides, the area of the structure is reduced to 90 µm2 in comparison to all reported structures. Based on the mentioned results, it seems that an improvement of the performance for 2-to-4 optical decoders has been obtained in this research.

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Proposal for 4‐to‐2 optical encoder based on photonic crystals

Cited by 137 publications

References 45 publications

A Novel All-Optical Sensor Design Based on a Tunable Resonant Nanocavity in Photonic Crystal Microstructure Applicable in MEMS Accelerometers

A Novel All-Optical Sensor Design Based on a Tunable Resonant Nanocavity in Photonic Crystal Microstructure Applicable in MEMS Accelerometers

All-Optical Ultra-Fast Graphene-Photonic Crystal Switch

Improving the Performance of 2-To-4 Optical Decoders Based on Photonic Crystal Structures

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