Propolis-Based Nanofiber Patches to Repair Corneal Microbial Keratitis

Abstract

In this research, polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA)/gelatin (GEL)/propolis (Ps) biocompatible nanofiber patches were fabricated via electrospinning technique. The controlled release of Propolis, surface wettability behaviors, antimicrobial activities against the S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, and biocompatibility properties with the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were investigated in detail. By adding 0.5, 1, and 3 wt.% GEL into the 13 wt.% PVA, the morphological and mechanical results suggested that 13 wt.% PVA/0.5 wt.% GEL patch can be an ideal matrix for 3 and 5 wt.% propolis addition. Morphological results revealed that the diameters of the electrospun nanofiber patches were increased with GEL (from 290 nm to 400 nm) and Ps addition and crosslinking process cause the formation of thicker nanofibers. The tensile strength and elongation at break enhancement were also determined for 13 wt.% PVA/0.5 wt.% GEL/3 wt.% Ps patch. Propolis was released quickly in the first hour and arrived at a plateau. Cell culture and contact angle results confirmed that the 3 wt.% addition of propolis reinforced mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and wettability properties of the patches. The antimicrobial activity demonstrated that propolis loaded patches had antibacterial activity against the S. aureus, but for P. aeruginosa, more studies should be performed.

Controlled Release of Gentamicin from Electrospun Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Gelatin Nanofibers: The Effect of Crosslinking Time Using Glutaraldehyde Vapor

“…In Figure 4 in thermogram b obtained for non‐crosslinked 13PVA/0.5GEL/GEN, the peak detected at 228 °C represents the melting point of the PVA. Another peak detected at 58 °C is associated with relaxation in the amorphous region of 13PVA/0.5GEL [45] . The decomposition stage of the PVA started at 270 °C which is related to the backbone decomposition [46] .…”

“…Another peak detected at 58 °C is associated with relaxation in the amorphous region of 13PVA/0.5GEL. [45] The decomposition stage of the PVA started at 270 °C which is related to the backbone decomposition. [46] Thermogram (c) represents 13PVA/0.5GEL/GEN after 2 h of crosslinking and results showed no difference betwenn this sample and non-crosslinked material.…”

Manufacturing of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle (ZnO NP)-Loaded Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Nanostructured Mats Using Ginger Extract for Tissue Engineering Applications

“…According to the images, the pure PVA nanofiber patch exhibited homogeneous, continuous, and bead-free morphologies compared to the ZnO NP-loaded patches. These smooth and homogeneous morphologies formed a porous network that allowed nutrients and oxygen to diffuse to the linked cells [ 29 ]. As seen in Figure 3 , the diameters of all fibers were measured, and histogram graphs were created.…”

In vivo and in vitro studies of a propolis-enriched silk fibroin-gelatin composite nanofiber wound dressing

“…The antibacterial activities of the prepared samples against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria were evaluated using the inhibition zone method [ 44 ]. S. aureus and E. coli were cultured overnight to obtain bacterial suspensions.…”