Abstract:Purpose: Many medicinal plants have been employed during ages to treat urinary stones though the rationale behind their use is not well established. Thus, the present study was proposed to evaluate the effect of coconut water as a prophylactic agent in experimentally induced nephrolithiasis in a rat model.
Materials and Methods:The male Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups. Animals of group I (control) were fed standard rat diet. In group II, the animals were administrated 0.75% ethylene glycol … Show more
“…The same observations were made with the crude extract of this root . A protective effect of renal function was also observed with Cocos nucifera nut water, which lowered uremia and serum creatinine in a model of ethylene glycol-induced nephropathy (Gandhi et al, 2013). …”
1083Cocos nucifera is a tropical coastal plant. The ethyl acetate fraction of its aqueous root extract stimulates erythropoiesis. This work aimed to evaluate the biological tolerance of this fraction. The extract fraction was administered to Wistar rats at a single dose of 2000 mg / kg body weight for Acute Oral Toxicity (OAT) or in daily doses of 200 mg / kg body weight for 28 days for Sub-Chronic Toxicity. (SCT), as recommended by the OECD. On day 0, then on day 14 for OAT and day 28 for SCT, the rats were weighed and their blood was collected for tests. The liver balance was assessed by measuring transaminases AST and ALT, kidney balance by uremia and creatinine level and immune status by blood leukocyte count. These analyzes were supplemented by the histology of the liver, kidneys and spleen, an immune organ. The weight of rats, the balance of liver, kidney and immunity as well as these organs histology were not affected by either acute oral or sub-chronic toxicity tests, suggesting a lack of toxicity in the extract fraction. The ethyl acetate fraction of the root water extract of Cocos nucifera did not reveal any acute or sub-chronic oral toxicity. This effect could be related to its richness in flavonoids that are antioxidants. The study of biological tolerance deserves to be continued by the chronic toxicity test and clinical trials.
“…The same observations were made with the crude extract of this root . A protective effect of renal function was also observed with Cocos nucifera nut water, which lowered uremia and serum creatinine in a model of ethylene glycol-induced nephropathy (Gandhi et al, 2013). …”
1083Cocos nucifera is a tropical coastal plant. The ethyl acetate fraction of its aqueous root extract stimulates erythropoiesis. This work aimed to evaluate the biological tolerance of this fraction. The extract fraction was administered to Wistar rats at a single dose of 2000 mg / kg body weight for Acute Oral Toxicity (OAT) or in daily doses of 200 mg / kg body weight for 28 days for Sub-Chronic Toxicity. (SCT), as recommended by the OECD. On day 0, then on day 14 for OAT and day 28 for SCT, the rats were weighed and their blood was collected for tests. The liver balance was assessed by measuring transaminases AST and ALT, kidney balance by uremia and creatinine level and immune status by blood leukocyte count. These analyzes were supplemented by the histology of the liver, kidneys and spleen, an immune organ. The weight of rats, the balance of liver, kidney and immunity as well as these organs histology were not affected by either acute oral or sub-chronic toxicity tests, suggesting a lack of toxicity in the extract fraction. The ethyl acetate fraction of the root water extract of Cocos nucifera did not reveal any acute or sub-chronic oral toxicity. This effect could be related to its richness in flavonoids that are antioxidants. The study of biological tolerance deserves to be continued by the chronic toxicity test and clinical trials.
“…Our present studies are substantiated by previous reports. 17 The photomicrograph of the kidney in the control showed normal histological features with a detailed cortical parenchyma and the renal corpuscles appearing as dense rounded structures with the glomerulus surrounded by a normal Bowman's space (Figure 1). The group B where only Cocos nucifera water was given also showed normal glomerulus, tubules and interstitial spaces ( Figure 2) while gentamycin only group showed a lot of distortion and tubular epithelial cloudy swelling (Figure 3).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…16 while Cocos nucifera water can act has an antioxidant. 17 It is therefore important to investigate if Cocos nucifera water can ameliorate the effect of gentamycin on the kidney. In the present study, there was elevation of both serum urea and creatinine level in gentamycin only group (Table 2) signifying the toxicity nature of gentamycin and also corroborating early work done.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our results corroborates the findings of other report. 17 ,Where it was concluded that Cocos nucifera water has ability to inhibit the oxidative stress genes therefore help in maintaining normal activity of oxidative enzymes.…”
The ameliorative potential of Cocos nucifera water in gentamycin induced kidney toxicity was evaluated using adult wistar rats. Twenty-four (24) adult wistar rats weighing between 190g to 240g were assigned to 4 groups of 6 rats each and the gentamycin were administered intraperitoneally while the Cocos nucifera water was given via orogastric tube for 24 consecutive days. Group A rats representing the control were fed normal diet and water ad libitums; while Group B were treated with 1ml of Cocos nucifera water only, Group C were treated with 100mg / kg gentamycin only, and Group D were treated with 1ml Cocos nucifera water and 100 mg / kg gentamycin respectively. Biochemically, the result showed that Oral administration of 100mg / kg gentamycin revealed marked kidney toxicity as showed by elevation in the activity of the serum urea, creatinine, superoxide dismutase and catalase along with decreased level of malonyl dehydrogenase. The control group, the Cocos nucifera water only group and the co-administered group of both Cocos nucifera water and gentamycin showed normal biochemical value of serum urea, creatinine, superioxide dismutase catalase and malonyl dehydrogenase. Histologically, the gentamycin only group showed focal areas of tubular epithelial cloudy swelling and mild interstitial congestion. While the co-administered group of both Cocos nucifera water and gentamycin showed normal cytoachictectural structure of the kidney. In conclusion, these results as evidenced by histological and biochemical parameters suggested that Cocos nucifera water possessed ameliorative potential on gentamycin induced kidney toxicity.
“…80 ml OD till stone expulsion [9] ; Indonesia: Fruit baked and its water mixed with brown sugar or honey taken orally [48] . Pharmacological activities: Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant [8] , litholytic [49] . Antiurolithiatic spectrum (reported): Fruits against brushite, whewellite and struvite [21] .…”
Urolithiasis is a common worldwide problem with high recurrence. Hopefully, this review will not only be useful for the general public but also attract the scientific world for antiurolithiatic drug discovery.
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