Property rights and grassland degradation: A study of the Xilingol Pasture, Inner Mongolia, China

Li, Wen Jun; Ali, Saleem H.; Zhang, Qian

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.10.010

Cited by 142 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…In this way, leaseholders could earn greater profits because they could support larger herds with the extra pasture. Additionally, the leasers could engage in non-farm businesses, such as working outside the community or running a home business, and even some households moved to peri-urban or urban areas to find other opportunities [39]. Thus, as we noted earlier, grasslands were no longer the only basic capital goods used to guarantee their livelihood; their degree of dependence on the grasslands has decreased.…”

Section: Improved Socio-economic Relations: Leasing Of Land and Develmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of Government Grassland Conservation Policy on Household Livelihoods and Dependence on Local Grasslands: Evidence from Inner Mongolia, China

Zhen

Yan

et al. 2016

Sustainability

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Abstract:Grassland degradation intensifies human-environment conflicts and adversely affects local residents' livelihoods. To reduce grassland degradation in Inner Mongolia, China, the government has enforced (since 1998) a series of grassland conservation and management policies that restrict the use of grasslands. To ease the impact on the residents' livelihoods, the national and regional governments have offered a series of top-down arrangements to stimulate sustainable use of the grasslands. Simultaneously, local households spontaneously developed bottom-up countermeasures. To determine the effects of these processes, we interviewed members of 135 households using a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods. We analyzed the effects on household dependence on local grasslands and on perceptions of the future of grassland use. Our findings show that the implementation of the grassland conservation policies significantly affected household livelihoods, which in turn affected household use of natural assets (primarily the land), their agricultural assets (farming and grazing activities) and their financial assets (income and consumption), resulting in fundamental transformation of their lifestyles. The households developed adaptation measures to account for the dependence of their livelihood on local ecosystems by initializing strategies, such as seeking off-farm work, leasing pasture land, increasing purchases of fodder for stall-fed animals and altering their diet and fuel consumption to compensate for their changing livelihoods.

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Section: Improved Socio-economic Relations: Leasing Of Land and Develmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of Government Grassland Conservation Policy on Household Livelihoods and Dependence on Local Grasslands: Evidence from Inner Mongolia, China

Zhen

Yan

et al. 2016

Sustainability

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“…Critical appraisal of the 103 articles included in the analysis found most studies (259 studies in 70 articles) fulfilled at least three out of the four quality criteria (Table 6), indicating considerable strength in the reliability of their findings. Three articles (consisting of 7 studies) met none of the four criteria [30][31][32], while 29 articles (consisting of 123 studies) met all the criteria (Additional file 9).…”

Section: Critical Appraisalmentioning

confidence: 99%

What are the environmental impacts of property rights regimes in forests, fisheries and rangelands?

et al. 2017

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Background: Property rights to natural resources comprise a major policy instrument in efforts to advance sustainable resource use and conservation. Debate over the relative effectiveness of different property rights regimes in reaching these goals remains controversial. A large, diverse, and rapidly growing body of literature investigates the links between property rights regimes and environmental outcomes, but has not synthesized theoretical and policy insights within specific resource systems and especially across resource systems. Methods:We conducted a systematic review following CEE Guidelines in which we collected empirical evidence from the past two decades on the environmental impacts of property rights regimes in fisheries, forests and rangelands in developing countries. We used a bundle of rights approach to assess the impacts of state, private, and community property regimes, as well as mixed regimes and open access conditions. Outcomes were classified as positive, negative, neutral or undetermined. We also collected information on contextual and other factors thought to influence effect of property rights regimes on environmental outcomes. The search covered 90 online databases and three languages, resulting in a total of 34,984 screened titles.Results: This review identified 103 articles consisting of 374 property regime studies: 55% of the studies related to forestry, 31% to fisheries, and 14% to rangelands. The majority of the studies comprised case-control studies but presented limited information on the baseline condition of the resource system. Only 26 studies used before-aftercontrol-impact (BACI) design. We found that property regime comparisons differed across resource domains with, for example, the majority of fisheries studies using comparison to an open access situation while forest and rangeland studies were more mixed in regime comparisons. After critical appraisal of included studies, only 80 studies were accepted for the narrative synthesis. The key contextual factors largely associated with reported positive environmental outcomes across the three resource systems included monitoring and enforcement systems, resource use pressure, and the presence or absence of clear, stable and legitimate rights (i.e. 'positive regime characteristics').

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“…The method used by Li, 2007 was used to convert the data to the unit of a standard sheep (1 head of large 25 livestock (cattle or horse) = 5 standard sheep) (Wen et al, 2007).…”

Section: Data Sources and Processing 10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical and model-based estimates of spatial and temporal variations in net primary productivity in semi-arid grasslands of Northern China

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2017

Preprint

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were mostly negatively correlated with NPP, but temperature was positively correlated with spring and autumn NPP.Spatial correlation and partial correlation analyses at the pixel scale confirmed precipitation as a major driver of NPP.Temperature was negatively correlated with NPP in 99% of the regions at the annual scale, but after removing the effect of precipitation, temperature was positively correlated with the NPP in 77% of the regions.

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Property rights and grassland degradation: A study of the Xilingol Pasture, Inner Mongolia, China

Cited by 142 publications

References 9 publications

Effects of Government Grassland Conservation Policy on Household Livelihoods and Dependence on Local Grasslands: Evidence from Inner Mongolia, China

Effects of Government Grassland Conservation Policy on Household Livelihoods and Dependence on Local Grasslands: Evidence from Inner Mongolia, China

What are the environmental impacts of property rights regimes in forests, fisheries and rangelands?

Empirical and model-based estimates of spatial and temporal variations in net primary productivity in semi-arid grasslands of Northern China

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