Properties of TiN and TiZrV thin film as a remedy against electron cloud

Pimpec, F. Le; Kirby, R. E.; King, F.; Pivi, M.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2005.05.048

Cited by 49 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In this work, it was done in the higher residual pressure of the load lock chamber, to speed up the process. Gas exposure, in this work, is listed in "day equivalents" of the measurement chamber for easy comparison with the earlier work [1]. Scaling linearly, 1 s spent in the load lock correspond to 100 s spent in the measurement system, for a total pressure in the load lock being 100 times the one in the measurement system.…”

Section: Results Tizrvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…XPS analysis from the as-received state (air-exposed getter film) to the activated state has already be discussed elsewhere [1,14,17]. XPS results on re-contamination in vacuum has also been documented with regard to the variation of the SEY [1]. We focus here, instead, on the evolution of the surface under N As contamination by the residual gas occurs, mainly by dissociative adsorption of oxygen on the metallic NEG, the 285 eV peak increases and get broadened to higher BE.…”

Section: Results Tizrvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its SEY properties are rather well known, but not exhaustively so, for a wide range of substrate material, deposition thicknesses and processing conditions [1,9,11,19,20]. This sample was N + 2 ion-bombarded (Fig.6), under conditions similar to the TiZrV samples above.…”

Section: Results Tinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reduction of the secondary electron yield (SEY) of the beam pipe inner wall is effective in controlling cloud formation. We have previously measured the secondary electron emission (SEE) from a number of technical surfaces and coatings used in ring construction [1], including uncoated aluminium alloys [2]. Here, we present SEY (δ) measurements, after various treatments including ion bombardment, on TiCN, TiN and two differently-deposited non-evaporable getter (NEG) TiZrV films on aluminium substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of gas ion bombardment on the secondary electron yield of TiN, TiCN and TiZrV coatings for suppressing collective electron effects in storage rings

Pimpec

Kirby

King

et al. 2006

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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In many accelerator storage rings running positively charged beams, multipactoring due to secondary electron emission (SEE) in the beam pipe will give rise to an electron cloud which can cause beam blow-up or loss of the circulating beam. A preventative measure that suppresses electron cloud formation is to ensure that the vacuum wall has a low secondary emission yield (SEY). The SEY of thin films of TiN, sputter deposited Non-Evaporable Getters and a novel TiCN alloy were measured under a variety of conditions, including the effect of re-contamination from residual gas.

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Section: Results Tizrvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results Tizrvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results Tinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of gas ion bombardment on the secondary electron yield of TiN, TiCN and TiZrV coatings for suppressing collective electron effects in storage rings

Pimpec

Kirby

King

et al. 2006

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…The lowest SEY of TiN coating is about 1.5 [14,15], where the coating quality control is a critical issue. The application results of TiN coating at PSR is mixed [16].…”

Section: Seymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Saturated NEG at Interaction Regions

Zhang¹

2007

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Activated non evaporable getter (NEG) coating has shown excellent surface properties, such as low secondary electron yield and low electron impact desorption rate, etc. Since usually the activation is difficult or sometimes not possible at interaction regions, the activated then saturated NEG coating could be used there, which does not require in-situ activation while still keeps many attractive surface properties. In this article, the experimental background problem at RHIC and the surface property of NEG coating are reviewed. The issues relevant to the application of saturated NEG at interaction regions are discussed. IntroductionThe non evaporable getter coating was developed primarily for the linear pumping [1], however, it was found that the activated NEG surface can also suppress the gas desorption induced by photon and electron bombardments [2]. Furthermore, the NEG surface has shown the reduced secondary electron yield (SEY) [3], and also the reduced desorption rate by ion impact [4]. The surface property of NEG coating (at least SEY) is probably only slightly changed after the saturation [3], which means that the low SEY is kept at the saturation.The surface property of beam chamber at interaction regions is an important aspect in improving experimental background. Since the NEG activation 1 at interaction regions is often limited in temperature or even not possible at all, the use of saturated NEG is of interest.To this end, some questions need to be answered.1. What surface property is relevant in the reduction of experimental background? These properties include SEY, electron and ion desorptions, and beam halo scrapping effects.2. What do we know about these surface property for NEG coating and the saturated NEG coating?3. How to improve the relevant surface properties in terms of coating and saturation methods and conditions? How to measure it?4. Other questions such as the aging and lifetime of saturated NEG, and the installation and maintenance as well.In this article, the RHIC experimental background problem in heavy ion and polarized proton operations is reviewed and several concerned surface properties of beam chamber at interaction region are discussed. This is followed by a review of NEG coating properties according to the bench test and machine studies performed at various laboratories. The issues that are not sufficiently understood are then discussed for further development. Experimental background 3.1 RHIC experienceLuminosities of RHIC heavy ion operations are affected by the experimental background problem in past several years, including collisions of Au-Au, dAu, and Cu-Cu.Since the bunch intensity has a quadratic relation to the luminosity, beams with highest possible bunch intensity are used as far as the beambeam and inter-beam scattering limits are not reached, which is the case for past and the current RHIC operations. The number of bunches then can be increased to raise luminosity. In 2003 d-Au run, however, the bunch number had to be reduced from 110 to 55 [5]. In 2004 A...

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