Properties of Thin Films for Solar Cells

Preparation of copper selenide thin films by simple chemical route at low temperature and their characterization

“…This is because the metal ions are in a stable complexed state Cu (NH 3 ) 4 2+ and ionic product of Cu 2+ and Se 2− ions does not exceed the solubility product. The release of metal ions by the complexing species is a thermally activated process by means of which a soluble species of respective ions in reaction mixture can be generated [18]. The dissociation of sodium selenosulphate and complexed copper ion was achieved in an alkaline medium by increasing temperature.…”

Growth and characteristics of Zn–Se–S thin layers by dip method

“…The release of metal ions by the complexing species is a thermally activated process [26]. In the reaction bath, Zn +2 ions are complexed with tartaric acid in the form of watersoluble Zn-tartarate complex and thus control Zn +2 concentrations.…”

Effect of deposition temperature on structural, surface, optical and magnetic properties of pulsed laser deposited Al-doped CdO thin films

“…The CdO is a material with direct band gap lying in the range of 2.2-2.7 eV [17]. For such band to band transitions, the dependence of absorption coefficient˛versus photon energy is given by the relation [16] (˛h ) 2 …”