Properties of Soy-Based Wood Adhesives Enhanced by Waterborne Polyurethane Modification

Wang, Yong; Fan, Youhua; Deng, Limiao; Li, Zhigao; Chen, Zejun

doi:10.1166/jbmb.2017.1687

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…22 Some researchers used waterborne polyurethane resin to enhance the performance of the soy protein adhesive. 23 The moisture-repellent property of the soy protein adhesive was notably enhanced through the strong intermolecular interactions between soy protein and waterborne polyurethane resin, and the cohesive wood failure dramatically increased. The properties of soybased adhesives can be improved by the above modifications, but the additives used in the soy protein adhesive are still largely from petrochemical sources and some cross-linkers need a large amount of addition to function effectively.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, the sol fraction of the modified adhesive reduced and thermal properties of the cured adhesive increased . Some researchers used waterborne polyurethane resin to enhance the performance of the soy protein adhesive . The moisture-repellent property of the soy protein adhesive was notably enhanced through the strong intermolecular interactions between soy protein and waterborne polyurethane resin, and the cohesive wood failure dramatically increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Wastes to Functions: A New Soybean Meal and Bark-Based Adhesive

Luo

Zhou

Gao

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Due to the increased awareness of utilization of waste biomass utilization for higher sustainability and concern for indoor air pollution associated with formaldehyde emission by wood adhesives, there are strong interests in developing biobased formaldehyde-free wood adhesives for plywood production. In this study, bark and soybean meal were used as raw materials to develop a cost-effective and formaldehyde-free wood adhesive through epoxidation of bark extractives to enhance performance of soybean meal-based (SM) adhesive. The bark-based bioepoxy resin (BEP) reacted with functional groups on the protein and formed a cross-linked structure, which improved the water resistance, mechanical strength, and thermal stability of the cured adhesive. Plywood bonded by the adhesive with 10 wt % of BEP showed a wet shear bonding strength of 0.89 MPa, exceeding that of the SMonly adhesive by 187.1%, which met requirements for interior-use plywood. Meanwhile, the dry shear bonding strength and cold water soaking bonding strength were improved by 56.9% and 81.1%, respectively. Further, the viscosity of the adhesive reduced to 10700 mPa•s and solids content of the adhesive increased to 32.05%, which improved the technological applicability of the biobased adhesive for plywood production. Thus, this novel waste-biomass-derived formaldehyde-free adhesive has excellent potential to be applied as an environmental-friendly commercial wood adhesive for plywood production.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Wastes to Functions: A New Soybean Meal and Bark-Based Adhesive

Luo

Zhou

Gao

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The strategies for improving the water resistance of protein adhesives, particularly soybased product, was investigated by Wang et al [56]. The team modified defatted soy flour by applying waterborne polyurethane resin and investigated the impact of the waterborne polyurethane on the water resistance of the adhesive through several experimental tests, including tensile tests, thermogravimetric analyzer analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy [56].…”

Section: Synthetic Cross-linking Agent Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Strategies to Enhance the Water Resistance of Green Wood Adhesives Produced from Sustainable Protein Sources

Oni,

Lawrence,

Zappi

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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The health risks associated with formaldehyde have propelled relevant stakeholders to push for the production of non-toxic wood adhesives. Several countries including the USA, Japan, and Germany have implemented policies mandating manufacturers to reduce the emissions of formaldehyde to lower levels. Protein adhesives stand out due to their sustainability, renewable sources, and biodegradability. However, they are limited by poor wet strength and water resistance, which affect their wide acceptability in the marketplace. Researchers have developed multiple strategies to mitigate these issues to advance protein adhesives so they may compete more favorably with their petroleum-based counterparts. This review paper explores these strategies including cross-linking, modified fillers, and the removal of hydrophilic content while providing insights into the methodological approaches utilized in recent literature with a comparison of the resultant protein adhesives.

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“…However, little attention has been paid to the curing kinetics of SFAs. In our previous research, waterborne polyurethane (WPU) was employed as a cross-linking agent and certified to be effective to improve water resistance significantly [17]. For further study on curing kinetics, WPU was also used as a cross-linking agent to modify soy-based adhesives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curing Dynamics of Soy Flour-Based Adhesives Enhanced by Waterborne Polyurethane

Wang

Lou³

et al. 2019

International Journal of Polymer Science

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In this paper, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis was carried out to make clear the curing properties of soy flour-based adhesives (SFAs) enhanced by waterborne polyurethane (WPU) with different addition levels. The kinetic parameters were evaluated by a thermal dynamics method, including activation energy and preexponential factor. In addition, the structure characteristics of both soy flour and modified soy flour-based adhesives were tested by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results revealed that the FTIR spectra of pristine soy flour-based adhesives were different from those of soy flour after alkali treatment and waterborne polyurethane modification. Furthermore, there were four main degradation phases in the derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) curves of modified soy-based adhesives while there were two phases of a defatted soy flour sample. The kinetics analysis demonstrated that the curing process could be described as a consecutive first-order curing process. Moreover, with the addition level of WPU growing, the apparent activation energy of each phase of the curing process was increasing compared with that in pristine soy-based adhesives.

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Properties of Soy-Based Wood Adhesives Enhanced by Waterborne Polyurethane Modification

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

From Wastes to Functions: A New Soybean Meal and Bark-Based Adhesive

From Wastes to Functions: A New Soybean Meal and Bark-Based Adhesive

A Review of Strategies to Enhance the Water Resistance of Green Wood Adhesives Produced from Sustainable Protein Sources

Curing Dynamics of Soy Flour-Based Adhesives Enhanced by Waterborne Polyurethane

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